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Getting Started with Aerleon

The following sections will take you through a guided tour of Aerleon. We will cover general concepts such as policy files, network and service definitions, and put them together to output firewall configurations.

Setup

Info

This tutorial assumes you are working on a Linux operating system and have completed the installation instructions.

You will want to make a temporary directory with the following structure. 

.
├── def
└── policies
    └── pol
You can do this with the following commands. 
mkdir -p aerleon_test/def
mkdir -p aerleon_test/policies/pol
cd aerleon_test

The rest of this walkthrough will assume you are within the aerleon_test directory.

Definition Files

Definition files allow you to define networks and services used in your policies. Generally it is much easier to read a name like WEB_SERVERS rather than a list of IP addresses. It is also beneficial to compose definitions together in certain places.

networks:
  RFC1918:
    values:
      - address: 10.0.0.0/8
      - address: 172.16.0.0/12
      - address: 192.168.0.0/16
  WEB_SERVERS:
    values:
      - address: 10.0.0.1/32
        comment: Web Server 1
      - address: 10.0.0.2/32
        comment: Web Server 2
  MAIL_SERVERS:
    values:
      - address: 10.0.0.3/32
        comment: Mail Server 1
      - address: 10.0.0.4/32
        comment: Mail Server 2
  ALL_SERVERS:
    values:
      - WEB_SERVERS
      - MAIL_SERVERS
services:
  HTTP:
    - protocol: tcp
      port: 80
  HTTPS:
    - protocol: tcp
      port: 443
  WEB:
    - HTTP
    - HTTPS
  HIGH_PORTS:
    - port: 1024-65535
      protocol: tcp
    - port: 1024-65535
      protocol: udp

Above we have defined a couple of networks and services.

  • RFC1918 is defined as three IP subnets.
  • WEB_SERVERS and MAIL_SERVERS are both two IP hosts and include a comment about those IPs.
  • ALL_SERVERS is a composite of both WEB_SERVERS and MAIL_SERVERS.
  • HTTP is defined as port 80 over TCP while HTTPS is port 443 over TCP.
  • WEB is a composit of both HTTP and HTTPS.
  • HIGH_PORTS is a port range of of 1024 to 65535 over both TCP and UDP.

Take the YAML above and insert it into a file in the defs directory.

Bash command 
echo "networks:
  RFC1918:
    values:
      - address: 10.0.0.0/8
      - address: 172.16.0.0/12
      - address: 192.168.0.0/16
  WEB_SERVERS:
    values:
      - address: 10.0.0.1/32
        comment: Web Server 1
      - address: 10.0.0.2/32
        comment: Web Server 2
  MAIL_SERVERS:
    values:
      - address: 10.0.0.3/32
        comment: Mail Server 1
      - address: 10.0.0.4/32
        comment: Mail Server 2
  ALL_SERVERS:
    values:
      - WEB_SERVERS
      - MAIL_SERVERS
services:
  HTTP:
    - protocol: tcp
      port: 80
  HTTPS:
    - protocol: tcp
      port: 443
  WEB:
    - HTTP
    - HTTPS
  HIGH_PORTS:
    - port: 1024-65535
      protocol: tcp
    - port: 1024-65535
      protocol: udp
" > def/definitions.yaml

Policy Files

A policy file describes rules to be used to filter traffic at some point in your network. This may be a single point or multiple points that all share the same rules. With Aerleon you define your rules in YAML and output the correct syntax for different firewalls. In our example we will make a simple firewall that filters both ingress and egress traffic.

filters:
  - header:
      comment: Example inbound
      targets:
        cisco: inbound extended
    terms:
      - name: accept-web-servers
        comment: Accept connections to our web servers.
        destination-address: WEB_SERVERS
        destination-port: WEB
        protocol: tcp
        action: accept
      - name: default-deny
        comment: Deny anything else.
        action: deny
The above YAML is a basic example with almost the minimum necessary to output an ACL. We have filters as the top keyword and a single header terms pair.

Inside of the header we have a comment to explain what this ACL is for, a target of cisco meaning we wish to output that syntax, and options for the cisco generator.

terms contains a list of terms which are translated into rules within the ACL. In this case there are two rules. accept-web-servers and default-deny. We see that in accept-web-servers there are a few fields such as comment, destination-address, action and more. You can find more information on every field available in our generators section. destination-address and destination-port each refer to names we configured in our definitions. When this rule gets translated the definitions will be referenced and used to define the IPs and ports for this rule.

Bash command 
echo "filters:
- header:
    comment: Example inbound
    targets:
      cisco: inbound extended
  terms:
    - name: accept-web-servers
      comment: Accept connections to our web servers
      destination-address: WEB_SERVERS
      destination-port: WEB
      protocol: tcp
      action: accept
    - name: default-deny
      comment: Deny anything else.
      action: deny" > policies/pol/example.pol.yaml

Running ACLGen

At this point we have definitions and a policy. We can run aclgen to get the config we can use on our firewall.

$ aclgen
I0118 23:00:46.160622 139810786332672 aclgen.py:451] finding policies...
W0118 23:00:46.162525 139810786332672 aclgen.py:369] --> policies/pol (1 pol files found)
I0118 23:00:46.228089 139810786332672 plugin_supervisor.py:249] 0 plugins active.
I0118 23:00:46.228377 139810786332672 plugin_supervisor.py:250] 27 generators registered.
I0118 23:00:46.230094 139810786332672 aclgen.py:298] file changed: example.pol.acl
I0118 23:00:46.256818 139810786332672 aclgen.py:384] writing 1 files to disk...
I0118 23:00:46.257578 139810786332672 aclgen.py:403] writing file: example.pol.acl
I0118 23:00:46.258050 139810786332672 aclgen.py:517] done.

We can see in the output that a file with the extension .acl has been written to the directory. Inspecting this file we can see it contains the rules we configured in our YAML file but translated to Cisco format.

Adding Additional ACLs

We currently have an inbound ACL but we wish to add an outbound ACL. In this case we append another header and terms section to our filters.

filters:
  - header:
      comment: Example inbound
      targets:
        cisco: inbound extended
    terms:
      - name: accept-web-servers
        comment: Accept connections to our web servers
        destination-address: WEB_SERVERS
        destination-port: WEB
        protocol: tcp
        action: accept
      - name: default-deny
        comment: Deny anything else.
        action: deny
  - header:
      comment: Example outbound
      targets:
        cisco: outbound mixed
    terms:
      - name: deny-bad-destinations
        destination-address: RFC1918
        action: deny
      - name: default-accept
        action: accept
Bash command 
echo "filters:
- header:
    comment: Example inbound
    targets:
      cisco: inbound extended
  terms:
    - name: accept-web-servers
      comment: Accept connections to our web servers
      destination-address: WEB_SERVERS
      destination-port: WEB
      protocol: tcp
      action: accept
    - name: default-deny
      comment: Deny anything else.
      action: deny
- header:
    comment: Example outbound
    targets:
      cisco: outbound extended
  terms:
    - name: deny-bad-destinations
      destination-address: RFC1918
      action: deny
    - name: default-accept
      action: accept" > policies/pol/example.pol.yaml

If you run aclgen again you will see it notices the difference in the YAML file and writes over the old ACL. This new ACL contains both the inbound and outbound ACLs we wanted.

Adding Additional Platforms

In this example we have been generating a Cisco config. What happens though if you want to switch over to Juniper for some reason. Either you bought a new Juniper device and are migrating, or you have a one off that requires the same rules. This is simple to do, we just add a header option for Juniper.

filters:
  - header:
      comment: Example inbound
      targets:
        cisco: inbound extended
        juniper: inbound
    terms:
      - name: accept-web-servers
        comment: Accept connections to our web servers
        destination-address: WEB_SERVERS
        destination-port: WEB
        protocol: tcp
        action: accept
      - name: default-deny
        comment: Deny anything else.
        action: deny
  - header:
      comment: Example outbound
      targets:
        cisco: outbound mixed
        juniper: outbound
    terms:
      - name: deny-bad-destinations
        destination-address: RFC1918
        action: deny
      - name: default-accept
        action: accept
Bash command 
echo "filters:
- header:
    comment: Example inbound
    targets:
      cisco: inbound extended
      juniper: inbound
  terms:
    - name: accept-web-servers
      comment: Accept connections to our web servers
      destination-address: WEB_SERVERS
      destination-port: WEB
      protocol: tcp
      action: accept
    - name: default-deny
      comment: Deny anything else.
      action: deny
- header:
    comment: Example outbound
    targets:
      cisco: outbound mixed
      juniper: outbound
  terms:
    - name: deny-bad-destinations
      destination-address: RFC1918
      action: deny
    - name: default-accept
      action: accept" > policies/pol/example.pol.yaml

If you run aclgen again you should see that it wrote two files now, the new one being .jcl. This is the Juniper file we wanted and will contain all the exact same rules but in the Juniper syntax.