Script Directory

The ScriptDirectory object provides programmatic access to the Alembic version files present in the filesystem.

class alembic.script.Script(module: module, rev_id: str, path: str)

Represent a single revision file in a versions/ directory.

The Script instance is returned by methods such as ScriptDirectory.iterate_revisions().

property doc: str

Return the docstring given in the script.

property longdoc: str

Return the docstring given in the script.

module: ModuleType

The Python module representing the actual script itself.

path: str

Filesystem path of the script.

class alembic.script.ScriptDirectory(dir: str, file_template: str = '%(rev)s_%(slug)s', truncate_slug_length: int | None = 40, version_locations: List[str] | None = None, sourceless: bool = False, output_encoding: str = 'utf-8', timezone: str | None = None, hook_config: Dict[str, str] | None = None, recursive_version_locations: bool = False)

Provides operations upon an Alembic script directory.

This object is useful to get information as to current revisions, most notably being able to get at the “head” revision, for schemes that want to test if the current revision in the database is the most recent:

from alembic.script import ScriptDirectory
from alembic.config import Config
config = Config()
config.set_main_option("script_location", "myapp:migrations")
script = ScriptDirectory.from_config(config)

head_revision = script.get_current_head()
as_revision_number(id_: str | None) → str | Tuple[str, ...] | None

Convert a symbolic revision, i.e. ‘head’ or ‘base’, into an actual revision number.

classmethod from_config(config: Config) → ScriptDirectory

Produce a new ScriptDirectory given a Config instance.

The Config need only have the script_location key present.

generate_revision(revid: str, message: str | None, head: str | None = None, refresh: bool = False, splice: bool | None = False, branch_labels: str | None = None, version_path: str | None = None, depends_on: str | Sequence[str] | None = None, **kw: Any) → Script | None

Generate a new revision file.

This runs the script.py.mako template, given template arguments, and creates a new file.

Parameters:

  • revid – String revision id. Typically this comes from alembic.util.rev_id().

  • message – the revision message, the one passed by the -m argument to the revision command.

  • head – the head revision to generate against. Defaults to the current “head” if no branches are present, else raises an exception.

  • splice – if True, allow the “head” version to not be an actual head; otherwise, the selected head must be a head (e.g. endpoint) revision.

  • refresh – deprecated.

get_base() → str | None

Return the “base” revision as a string.

This is the revision number of the script that has a down_revision of None.

If the script directory has multiple bases, an error is raised; ScriptDirectory.get_bases() should be preferred.

get_bases() → List[str]

return all “base” revisions as strings.

This is the revision number of all scripts that have a down_revision of None.

get_current_head() → str | None

Return the current head revision.

If the script directory has multiple heads due to branching, an error is raised; ScriptDirectory.get_heads() should be preferred.

Returns:

a string revision number.

See also

ScriptDirectory.get_heads()

get_heads() → List[str]

Return all “versioned head” revisions as strings.

This is normally a list of length one, unless branches are present. The ScriptDirectory.get_current_head() method can be used normally when a script directory has only one head.

Returns:

a tuple of string revision numbers.

get_revision(id_: str) → Script | None

Return the Script instance with the given rev id.

See also

ScriptDirectory.get_revisions()

get_revisions(id_: str | Sequence[str]) → Tuple[Script | None, ...]

Return the Script instance with the given rev identifier, symbolic name, or sequence of identifiers.

iterate_revisions(upper: str | Tuple[str, ...] | None, lower: str | Tuple[str, ...] | None, **kw: Any) → Iterator[Script]

Iterate through script revisions, starting at the given upper revision identifier and ending at the lower.

The traversal uses strictly the down_revision marker inside each migration script, so it is a requirement that upper >= lower, else you’ll get nothing back.

The iterator yields Script objects.

See also

RevisionMap.iterate_revisions()

run_env() → None

Run the script environment.

This basically runs the env.py script present in the migration environment. It is called exclusively by the command functions in alembic.command.

walk_revisions(base: str = 'base', head: str = 'heads') → Iterator[Script]

Iterate through all revisions.

Parameters:

  • base – the base revision, or “base” to start from the empty revision.

  • head – the head revision; defaults to “heads” to indicate all head revisions. May also be “head” to indicate a single head revision.

Revision

The RevisionMap object serves as the basis for revision management, used exclusively by ScriptDirectory.

exception alembic.script.revision.CycleDetected(revisions: Sequence[str])
exception alembic.script.revision.DependencyCycleDetected(revisions: Sequence[str])
exception alembic.script.revision.DependencyLoopDetected(revision: Sequence[str])
exception alembic.script.revision.LoopDetected(revision: str)
exception alembic.script.revision.MultipleHeads(heads: Sequence[str], argument: str | None)
exception alembic.script.revision.RangeNotAncestorError(lower: str | Tuple[str, ...] | None, upper: str | Tuple[str, ...] | None)
exception alembic.script.revision.ResolutionError(message: str, argument: str)
class alembic.script.revision.Revision(revision: str, down_revision: str | Tuple[str, ...] | None, dependencies: str | Tuple[str, ...] | None = None, branch_labels: str | Tuple[str, ...] | None = None)

Base class for revisioned objects.

The Revision class is the base of the more public-facing Script object, which represents a migration script. The mechanics of revision management and traversal are encapsulated within Revision, while Script applies this logic to Python files in a version directory.

branch_labels: Set[str] = None

Optional string/tuple of symbolic names to apply to this revision’s branch

dependencies: str | Sequence[str] | None = None

Additional revisions which this revision is dependent on.

From a migration standpoint, these dependencies are added to the down_revision to form the full iteration. However, the separation of down_revision from “dependencies” is to assist in navigating a history that contains many branches, typically a multi-root scenario.

down_revision: str | Sequence[str] | None = None

The down_revision identifier(s) within the migration script.

Note that the total set of “down” revisions is down_revision + dependencies.

property is_base: bool

Return True if this Revision is a ‘base’ revision.

property is_branch_point: bool

Return True if this Script is a branch point.

A branchpoint is defined as a Script which is referred to by more than one succeeding Script, that is more than one Script has a down_revision identifier pointing here.

property is_head: bool

Return True if this Revision is a ‘head’ revision.

This is determined based on whether any other Script within the ScriptDirectory refers to this Script. Multiple heads can be present.

property is_merge_point: bool

Return True if this Script is a merge point.

nextrev: FrozenSet[str] = frozenset({})

following revisions, based on down_revision only.

revision: str = None

The string revision number.

exception alembic.script.revision.RevisionError
class alembic.script.revision.RevisionMap(generator: Callable[[], Iterable[Revision]])

Maintains a map of Revision objects.

RevisionMap is used by ScriptDirectory to maintain and traverse the collection of Script objects, which are themselves instances of Revision.

Construct a new RevisionMap.

Parameters:

generator – a zero-arg callable that will generate an iterable of Revision instances to be used. These are typically Script subclasses within regular Alembic use.

add_revision(revision: Revision, _replace: bool = False) → None

add a single revision to an existing map.

This method is for single-revision use cases, it’s not appropriate for fully populating an entire revision map.

bases

All “base” revisions as strings.

These are revisions that have a down_revision of None, or empty tuple.

Returns:

a tuple of string revision numbers.

get_current_head(branch_label: str | None = None) → str | None

Return the current head revision.

If the script directory has multiple heads due to branching, an error is raised; ScriptDirectory.get_heads() should be preferred.

Parameters:

branch_label – optional branch name which will limit the heads considered to those which include that branch_label.

Returns:

a string revision number.

See also

ScriptDirectory.get_heads()

get_revision(id_: str | None) → Revision | None

Return the Revision instance with the given rev id.

If a symbolic name such as “head” or “base” is given, resolves the identifier into the current head or base revision. If the symbolic name refers to multiples, MultipleHeads is raised.

Supports partial identifiers, where the given identifier is matched against all identifiers that start with the given characters; if there is exactly one match, that determines the full revision.

get_revisions(id_: str | Collection[str | None] | None) → Tuple[_RevisionOrBase | None, ...]

Return the Revision instances with the given rev id or identifiers.

May be given a single identifier, a sequence of identifiers, or the special symbols “head” or “base”. The result is a tuple of one or more identifiers, or an empty tuple in the case of “base”.

In the cases where ‘head’, ‘heads’ is requested and the revision map is empty, returns an empty tuple.

Supports partial identifiers, where the given identifier is matched against all identifiers that start with the given characters; if there is exactly one match, that determines the full revision.

heads

All “head” revisions as strings.

This is normally a tuple of length one, unless unmerged branches are present.

Returns:

a tuple of string revision numbers.

iterate_revisions(upper: str | Tuple[str, ...] | None, lower: str | Tuple[str, ...] | None, implicit_base: bool = False, inclusive: bool = False, assert_relative_length: bool = True, select_for_downgrade: bool = False) → Iterator[Revision]

Iterate through script revisions, starting at the given upper revision identifier and ending at the lower.

The traversal uses strictly the down_revision marker inside each migration script, so it is a requirement that upper >= lower, else you’ll get nothing back.

The iterator yields Revision objects.

Write Hooks

alembic.script.write_hooks.register(name: str) → Callable

A function decorator that will register that function as a write hook.

See the documentation linked below for an example.

New in version 1.2.0.

See also

Writing Custom Hooks as Python Functions