8.1.10. cltk.morphology package¶

8.1.10.1. Submodules¶

8.1.10.2. cltk.morphology.akk module¶

Functions and classes for Akkadian morphology.

cltk.morphology.akk.get_bound_form(noun, gender)[source]¶

Return bound form of nound, given its gender.

>>> get_bound_form("awīlum", "m")
'awīl'

Return type:: str

cltk.morphology.akk.decline_noun(noun, gender, mimation=True)[source]¶

Return a list of all possible Akkadiandeclined forms given any form

of a noun and its gender.

>>> decline_noun('iltum', 'f')
[('iltum', {'case': 'nominative', 'number': 'singular'}), ('iltam', {'case': 'accusative', 'number': 'singular'}), ('iltim', {'case': 'genitive', 'number': 'singular'}), ('iltān', {'case': 'nominative', 'number': 'dual'}), ('iltīn', {'case': 'oblique', 'number': 'dual'}), ('ilātum', {'case': 'nominative', 'number': 'plural'}), ('ilātim', {'case': 'oblique', 'number': 'plural'})]

Return type:: List[Tuple[str, Dict[str, str]]]

8.1.10.3. cltk.morphology.lat module¶

This modules provides Decliner for Latin. Given a lemma, the Decliner will provide each grammatically valid forms

This work is based on the lexical and linguistic data built for and by the Collatinus Team ( https://github.com/biblissima/collatinus ). This module hence inherit the license from the original project. The objective of this module is to port part of Collatinus to CLTK.

class cltk.morphology.lat.CollatinusDecliner[source]¶

Bases: object

Latin Decliner based on Collatinus data and approach to declining words for Latin

# Ensure you have downloaded the corpus latin_models_cltk before running this
from cltk.stem.lat.declension import CollatinusDecliner

decliner = CollatinusDecliner()
print(decliner.decline("via"))

 [
     ('via', '--s----n-'), ('via', '--s----v-'), ('viam', '--s----a-'), ('viae', '--s----g-'),
     ('viae', '--s----d-'), ('via', '--s----b-'), ('viae', '--p----n-'), ('viae', '--p----v-'),
     ('vias', '--p----a-'), ('viarum', '--p----g-'), ('viis', '--p----d-'), ('viis', '--p----b-')
 ]

_remove_disambiguation(root)[source]¶

Remove disambiguation index from lemma root

Parameters:: root – Root in Collatinus
Returns:: Cleaned root

_getRoots(lemma, model)[source]¶

Retrieve the known roots of a lemma

Parameters:

lemma (str) – Canonical form of the word (lemma)
model (dict) – Model data from the loaded self.__data__. Can be passed by decline()

Returns:

Dictionary of roots with their root identifier as key

Return type:

dict

decline(lemma, flatten=False, collatinus_dict=False)[source]¶

Decline a lemma

Warning

POS are incomplete as we do not detect the type outside of verbs, participle and adjective.

Raises:

CLTKException – When the lemma is unknown to our data

Parameters:

lemma (str) – Lemma (Canonical form) to decline
flatten (bool) – If set to True, returns a list of forms without natural language information about them
collatinus_dict (bool) – If sets to True, Dictionary of grammatically valid forms, including variants, with keys corresponding to morpho informations.

Returns:

List of tuple where first value is the form and second the pos, ie [(“sum”, “v1ppip—“)]

Return type:

list or dict

property lemmas¶

Return type:: Dict[str, Dict[str, str]]

8.1.10.4. cltk.morphology.morphosyntax module¶

A module for representing universal morphosyntactic feature bundles.

class cltk.morphology.morphosyntax.MorphosyntacticFeatureBundle(*features)[source]¶

Bases: object

A representation of a set of features, usually associated with a word form.

all()[source]¶

Return type:: List[Tuple[Type[MorphosyntacticFeature], List[MorphosyntacticFeature]]]

underspecify(feature_name)[source]¶

Underspecify the given feature in the bundle. >>> f1 = f(F.pos, N.pos, V.neg) >>> f1.underspecify(F) >>> f1[F] is Underspecified True

Return type:: None

matches(other)[source]¶

This feature bundle matches other if other contains all the features of this bundle, i.e. if this bundle is an improper subset of other. Underspecified features will match.

>>> f1 = f(F, N.pos, V.neg)
>>> f2 = f(F.neg, N.pos, V.neg)
>>> f3 = f(F.pos, N.neg, V.pos)
>>> f1.matches(f2)
True
>>> f1.matches(f3)
False

Return type:: bool

cltk.morphology.morphosyntax.f¶: alias of cltk.morphology.morphosyntax.MorphosyntacticFeatureBundle

cltk.morphology.morphosyntax.to_categorial(pos)[source]¶

Maps UD parts of speech to binary categorial feature bundles. In some cases these are underspecified, including empty bundles for interjections. >>> to_categorial(POS.adjective) {F: [neg], N: [pos], V: [pos]} >>> to_categorial(POS.particle) {F: [pos]} >>> to_categorial(POS.interjection) {}

Return type:: MorphosyntacticFeatureBundle

cltk.morphology.morphosyntax.from_ud(feature_name, feature_value)[source]¶

For a given Universal Dependencies feature name and value, return the appropriate feature class/value. >>> from_ud(‘Case’, ‘Abl’) ablative >>> from_ud(‘Abbr’, ‘Yes’) pos >>> from_ud(‘PronType’, ‘Ind’) indefinite

Return type:: Optional[MorphosyntacticFeature]

8.1.10.5. cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features module¶

Data types for each morphological category and features annotated by the Universal Dependencies (UD) project (<https://universaldependencies.org/guidelines.html>_).

These are from v2 of UD, except for Strength which is from v1 and was (as of 12/2020) still in the Gothic treebank.

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.utils.utils.CLTKEnum

A generic multivalued morphosyntactic feature.

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.N(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

A `nominal word <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominal_(linguistics)>_, “a category used to group together nouns and adjectives based on shared properties. The motivation for nominal grouping is that in many languages nouns and adjectives share a number of morphological and syntactic properties.”

pos = 1¶

neg = 2¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.V(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

A verbal word, which “typically signal events and actions, can constitute a minimal predicate in a clause, and govern the number and types of other constituents which may occur in the clause.” See notes that verb-like forms may be better classed as eg, nouns, adjectives, etc..

pos = 1¶

neg = 2¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.F(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

A function word. These “have little lexical meaning or have ambiguous meaning and express grammatical relationships among other words within a sentence, or specify the attitude or mood of the speaker”.

pos = 1¶

neg = 2¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.POS(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

The POS “feature” represents the list of syntactic categories published by the UD project. See https://universaldependencies.org/u/pos/index.html

adjective = 1¶

adposition = 2¶

adverb = 3¶

auxiliary = 4¶

coordinating_conjunction = 5¶

determiner = 6¶

interjection = 7¶

noun = 8¶

numeral = 9¶

particle = 10¶

pronoun = 11¶

proper_noun = 12¶

punctuation = 13¶

subordinating_conjunction = 14¶

symbol = 15¶

verb = 16¶

other = 17¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.VerbForm(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

The inlectional type of the verb. Possibly this confuses tense, aspect, and other more privitive morphosyntactic informaition. see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/VerbForm.html

converb = 1¶

finite = 2¶

gerund = 3¶

gerundive = 4¶

infinitive = 5¶

participle = 6¶

supine = 7¶

masdar = 8¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Mood(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

The mood of a verb. see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/Mood.html

admirative = 1¶

conditional = 2¶

desiderative = 3¶

imperative = 4¶

indicative = 5¶

jussive = 6¶

necessitative = 7¶

optative = 8¶

potential = 9¶

purposive = 10¶

quotative = 11¶

subjunctive = 12¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Tense(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

The tense of a verb, i.e. the time of the eventuality in relation to a reference point in time. see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/Tense.html

future = 1¶

imperfect = 2¶

past = 3¶

pluperfect = 4¶

present = 5¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Aspect(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

The aspect of the verb, i.e. the temporal structure of the eventuality. see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/Aspect.html

habitual = 1¶

imperfective = 2¶

iterative = 3¶

perfective = 4¶

progressive = 5¶

prospective = 6¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Voice(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

The voice of the verb, i.e. the relation of the participants to the eventuality. see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/Voice.html

active = 1¶

antipassive = 2¶

beneficiary_focus = 3¶

location_focus = 4¶

causative = 5¶

direct = 6¶

inverse = 7¶

middle = 8¶

passive = 9¶

reciprocal = 10¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Evidentiality(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

What evidence is there for the assertion of the eventuality described by the verb? Is it based on the speaker’s knowledge, or indirect? see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/Evident.html

first_hand = 1¶

non_first_hand = 2¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Polarity(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

Is the proposition negative or positive? see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/Polarity.html

pos = 1¶

neg = 2¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Person(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

The grammatical person of the verb, i.e. the participant indicated by the subject. # see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/Person.html

zeroth = 1¶

first = 2¶

second = 3¶

third = 4¶

fourth = 5¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Politeness(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

The morphological reflex of the formal register with which participants are addressed in the sentence, affecting verbs and pronouns. see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/Polite.html

elevated = 1¶

formal = 2¶

humble = 3¶

informal = 4¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Clusivity(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

Does a first person plural subject include the addressee? see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/Clusivity.html

exclusive = 1¶

inclusive = 2¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Strength(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

Is this a strong or weak verb or adjective? UDv1 feature, specific to Gothic. see http://universaldependencies.org/docsv1/got/feat/Strength.html

strong = 1¶

weak = 2¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Case(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

The case of a noun phrase. see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/Case.html

nominative = 1¶

accusative = 2¶

ergative = 3¶

absolutive = 4¶

abessive = 5¶

befefactive = 6¶

causative = 7¶

comparative = 8¶

considerative = 9¶

comitative = 10¶

dative = 11¶

distributive = 12¶

equative = 13¶

genitive = 14¶

instrumental = 15¶

partitive = 16¶

vocative = 17¶

ablative = 18¶

additive = 19¶

adessive = 20¶

allative = 21¶

delative = 22¶

elative = 23¶

essive = 24¶

illative = 25¶

inessive = 26¶

lative = 27¶

locative = 28¶

perlative = 29¶

sublative = 30¶

superessive = 31¶

terminative = 32¶

temporal = 33¶

translative = 34¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Gender(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

The grammatical gender of a nominal. see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/Gender.html

masculine = 1¶

feminine = 2¶

neuter = 3¶

common = 4¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Animacy(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

The soul-type of an entity (as it were.) see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/Animacy.html

animate = 1¶

human = 2¶

inanimate = 3¶

non_human = 4¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Number(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

The count type of an entity. see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/Number.html

collective = 1¶

count_plural = 2¶

dual = 3¶

greater_paucal = 4¶

greater_plural = 5¶

inverse_number = 6¶

paucal = 7¶

plural = 8¶

plurale_tantum = 9¶

singular = 10¶

trial = 11¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.NumForm(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

Feature of cardinal and ordinal numbers. Is the number expressed by digits or as a word? See https://universaldependencies.org/cs/feat/NumForm.html.

word = 1¶

digit = 2¶

roman = 3¶

reference = 4¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Definiteness(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

The relationship between noun phrases and entities in or not in the discoursive context. see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/Definiteness.html

complex = 1¶

construct_state = 2¶

definite = 3¶

indefinite = 4¶

specific_indefinite = 5¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Degree(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

The degree of adjectives. see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/Degree.html

absolute_superlative = 1¶

comparative = 2¶

equative = 3¶

positive = 4¶

superlative = 5¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.NameType(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

The type of a named entity, mostly applying to proper nouns. see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/NameType.html

place = 1¶

person = 2¶

person_given_name = 3¶

person_surname = 4¶

nationality = 5¶

company = 6¶

product = 7¶

other = 8¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.PrononimalType(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

A subclassification of pronouns. see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/PronType.html

article = 1¶

demonstrative = 2¶

emphatic = 3¶

exclamative = 4¶

indefinite = 5¶

interrogative = 6¶

negative = 7¶

personal = 8¶

reciprocal = 9¶

relative = 10¶

total = 11¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.AdpositionalType(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

Defines the position of an adposition. see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/AdpType.html

preposition = 1¶

postposition = 2¶

circumposition = 3¶

vocalized_adposition = 4¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.AdverbialType(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

What type of adverb is this? see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/AdvType.html

manner = 1¶

location = 2¶

time = 3¶

degree = 4¶

cause = 5¶

modality = 6¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.VerbType(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

If this is a functional verb, what kind is it? see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/VerbType.html

auxiliary = 1¶

copula = 2¶

modal = 3¶

light = 4¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Possessive(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

Is this nominal form marked as a possessive? see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/Poss.html

pos = 1¶

neg = 2¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Numeral(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

A subclassification of numeric types. see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/NumType.html

cardinal = 1¶

distributive = 2¶

fractional = 3¶

multiplicative = 4¶

ordinal = 5¶

range = 6¶

sets = 7¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Reflexive(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

Is the pronoun reflexive? see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/Reflex.html

pos = 1¶

neg = 2¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Foreign(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

Is this a foreign word, relative to the language of the sentences? see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/Foreign.html

pos = 1¶

neg = 2¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Abbreviation(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

Is this word an abbreviation? see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/Abbr.html

pos = 1¶

neg = 2¶

class cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.Typo(value)[source]¶

Bases: cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features.MorphosyntacticFeature

Does this word contain a typo? see https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/Typo.html

pos = 1¶

neg = 2¶

8.1.10.6. cltk.morphology.utils module¶

Misc helper functions for extracting morphological info from CLTK data structures.

cltk.morphology.utils.get_pos(word)[source]¶

Take word, return structured info.

Return type:: Optional[str]

cltk.morphology.utils.get_features(word, prepend_to_label=None)[source]¶

Take a word, return a list of feature labels.

Return type:: Tuple[List[str], List[Union[str, int, float, None]]]

8.1.10. cltk.morphology package¶

8.1.10.1. Submodules¶

8.1.10.2. cltk.morphology.akk module¶

8.1.10.3. cltk.morphology.lat module¶

8.1.10.4. cltk.morphology.morphosyntax module¶

8.1.10.5. cltk.morphology.universal_dependencies_features module¶

8.1.10.6. cltk.morphology.utils module¶

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