Source code for cltk.prosody.lat.pentameter_scanner

"""Utility class for producing a scansion pattern for a Latin pentameter.

Given a line of pentameter, the scan method performs a series of transformation and checks 
are performed, and for each one performed successfully, a note is added to the scansion_notes
list so that end users may view the provenance of a scansion.
"""

import re

import cltk.prosody.lat.string_utils as string_utils
from cltk.prosody.lat.metrical_validator import MetricalValidator
from cltk.prosody.lat.scansion_constants import ScansionConstants
from cltk.prosody.lat.scansion_formatter import ScansionFormatter
from cltk.prosody.lat.syllabifier import Syllabifier
from cltk.prosody.lat.verse import Verse
from cltk.prosody.lat.verse_scanner import VerseScanner

__author__ = ["Todd Cook <todd.g.cook@gmail.com>"]
__license__ = "MIT License"


[docs]class PentameterScanner(VerseScanner): """The scansion symbols used can be configured by passing a suitable constants class to the constructor.""" def __init__( self, constants=ScansionConstants(), syllabifier=Syllabifier(), optional_transform: bool = False, *args, **kwargs ): super().__init__(*args, **kwargs) self.constants = constants self.remove_punct_map = string_utils.remove_punctuation_dict() self.punctuation_substitutions = string_utils.punctuation_for_spaces_dict() self.metrical_validator = MetricalValidator(constants) self.formatter = ScansionFormatter(constants) self.syllabifier = syllabifier self.optional_transform = optional_transform self.inverted_amphibrach_re = re.compile( r"{}\s*{}\s*{}".format( self.constants.STRESSED, self.constants.UNSTRESSED, self.constants.STRESSED, ) ) self.syllable_matcher = re.compile( r"[{}]".format( self.constants.VOWELS + self.constants.ACCENTED_VOWELS + self.constants.LIQUIDS + self.constants.MUTES ) ) self.SPONDAIC_PENTAMETER = ( self.constants.SPONDEE + self.constants.SPONDEE + self.constants.STRESSED + self.constants.DACTYL + self.constants.DACTYL + self.constants.OPTIONAL_ENDING ) self.DACTYLIC_PENTAMETER = ( self.constants.DACTYL + self.constants.DACTYL + self.constants.STRESSED + self.constants.DACTYL + self.constants.DACTYL + self.constants.OPTIONAL_ENDING )
[docs] def scan(self, original_line: str, optional_transform: bool = False) -> Verse: """ Scan a line of Latin pentameter and produce a scansion pattern, and other data. :param original_line: the original line of Latin verse :param optional_transform: whether or not to perform i to j transform for syllabification :return: a Verse object >>> scanner = PentameterScanner() >>> print(scanner.scan('ex hoc ingrato gaudia amore tibi.')) Verse(original='ex hoc ingrato gaudia amore tibi.', scansion='- - - - - - U U - U U U ', meter='pentameter', valid=True, syllable_count=12, accented='ēx hōc īngrātō gaudia amōre tibi.', scansion_notes=['Spondaic pentameter'], syllables = ['ēx', 'hoc', 'īn', 'gra', 'to', 'gau', 'di', 'a', 'mo', 're', 'ti', 'bi']) >>> print(scanner.scan( ... "in vento et rapida scribere oportet aqua.").scansion) # doctest: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE - - - U U - - U U - U U U """ verse = Verse(original_line, meter="pentameter") # replace punctuation with spaces line = original_line.translate(self.punctuation_substitutions) # conservative i to j line = self.transform_i_to_j(line) working_line = self.elide_all(line) working_line = self.accent_by_position(working_line) syllables = self.syllabifier.syllabify(working_line) if optional_transform: working_line = self.transform_i_to_j_optional(line) working_line = self.elide_all(working_line) working_line = self.accent_by_position(working_line) syllables = self.syllabifier.syllabify(working_line) verse.scansion_notes += [self.constants.NOTE_MAP["optional i to j"]] verse.working_line = working_line verse.syllable_count = self.syllabifier.get_syllable_count(syllables) verse.syllables = syllables if verse.syllable_count < 12: verse.valid = False verse.scansion_notes += [self.constants.NOTE_MAP["< 12p"]] return verse stresses = self.flag_dipthongs(syllables) syllables_wspaces = string_utils.to_syllables_with_trailing_spaces( working_line, syllables ) offset_map = self.calc_offset(syllables_wspaces) for idx, syl in enumerate(syllables): for accented in self.constants.ACCENTED_VOWELS: if accented in syl: stresses.append(idx) # first syllable is always long in Pentameter stresses.append(0) # second to last syllable is always long stresses.append(verse.syllable_count - 2) verse.scansion = self.produce_scansion(stresses, syllables_wspaces, offset_map) if len( string_utils.stress_positions(self.constants.STRESSED, verse.scansion) ) != len(set(stresses)): verse.valid = False verse.scansion_notes += [self.constants.NOTE_MAP["invalid syllables"]] return verse if self.metrical_validator.is_valid_pentameter(verse.scansion): verse.scansion_notes += [self.constants.NOTE_MAP["positionally"]] return self.assign_candidate(verse, verse.scansion) # identify some obvious and probably choices based on number of syllables if verse.syllable_count == 12: # produce spondees where possible candidate = self.make_spondaic(verse.scansion) verse.scansion_notes += [self.constants.NOTE_MAP["12p"]] return self.assign_candidate(verse, candidate) if verse.syllable_count == 14: # produce spondees where possible candidate = self.make_dactyls(verse.scansion) verse.scansion_notes += [self.constants.NOTE_MAP["14p"]] return self.assign_candidate(verse, candidate) if verse.syllable_count > 14: verse.valid = False verse.scansion_notes += [self.constants.NOTE_MAP["> 14"]] return verse smoothed = self.correct_first_two_dactyls(verse.scansion) if verse.scansion != smoothed: verse.scansion_notes += [self.constants.NOTE_MAP["invalid start"]] verse.scansion = smoothed stresses += string_utils.differences(verse.scansion, smoothed) if self.metrical_validator.is_valid_pentameter(verse.scansion): return self.assign_candidate(verse, verse.scansion) smoothed = self.correct_penultimate_dactyl_chain(verse.scansion) if verse.scansion != smoothed: verse.scansion_notes += [ self.constants.NOTE_MAP["penultimate dactyl chain"] ] verse.scansion = smoothed stresses += string_utils.differences(verse.scansion, smoothed) if self.metrical_validator.is_valid_pentameter(verse.scansion): return self.assign_candidate(verse, verse.scansion) candidates = self.metrical_validator.closest_pentameter_patterns(verse.scansion) if candidates is not None: if ( len(candidates) == 1 and len(verse.scansion.replace(" ", "")) == len(candidates[0]) and len(string_utils.differences(verse.scansion, candidates[0])) == 1 ): tmp_scansion = self.produce_scansion( string_utils.differences(verse.scansion, candidates[0]), syllables_wspaces, offset_map, ) if self.metrical_validator.is_valid_pentameter(tmp_scansion): verse.scansion_notes += [self.constants.NOTE_MAP["closest match"]] return self.assign_candidate(verse, tmp_scansion) # if the line doesn't scan "as is", it may scan if the optional i to j transformations # are made, so here we set them and try again. if self.optional_transform and not verse.valid: return self.scan(original_line, optional_transform=True) verse.accented = self.formatter.merge_line_scansion( verse.original, verse.scansion ) return verse
[docs] def make_spondaic(self, scansion: str) -> str: """ If a pentameter line has 12 syllables, then it must start with double spondees. :param scansion: a string of scansion patterns :return: a scansion pattern string starting with two spondees >>> print(PentameterScanner().make_spondaic("U U U U U U U U U U U U")) - - - - - - U U - U U U """ mark_list = string_utils.mark_list(scansion) vals = list(scansion.replace(" ", "")) new_vals = self.SPONDAIC_PENTAMETER[:-1] + vals[-1] corrected = "".join(new_vals) new_line = list(" " * len(scansion)) for idx, car in enumerate(corrected): new_line[mark_list[idx]] = car return "".join(new_line)
[docs] def make_dactyls(self, scansion: str) -> str: """ If a pentameter line has 14 syllables, it starts and ends with double dactyls. :param scansion: a string of scansion patterns :return: a scansion pattern string starting and ending with double dactyls >>> print(PentameterScanner().make_dactyls("U U U U U U U U U U U U U U")) - U U - U U - - U U - U U U """ mark_list = string_utils.mark_list(scansion) vals = list(scansion.replace(" ", "")) new_vals = self.DACTYLIC_PENTAMETER[:-1] + vals[-1] corrected = "".join(new_vals) new_line = list(" " * len(scansion)) for idx, car in enumerate(corrected): new_line[mark_list[idx]] = car return "".join(new_line)
[docs] def correct_penultimate_dactyl_chain(self, scansion: str) -> str: """ For pentameter the last two feet of the verse are predictable dactyls, and do not regularly allow substitutions. :param scansion: scansion line thus far :return: corrected line of scansion >>> print(PentameterScanner().correct_penultimate_dactyl_chain( ... "U U U U U U U U U U U U U U")) U U U U U U U - U U - U U U """ mark_list = string_utils.mark_list(scansion) vals = list(scansion.replace(" ", "")) n_vals = ( vals[:-7] + [self.constants.DACTYL + self.constants.DACTYL] + [vals[-1]] ) corrected = "".join(n_vals) new_line = list(" " * len(scansion)) for idx, car in enumerate(corrected): new_line[mark_list[idx]] = car return "".join(new_line)