8.1.12.1.1. cltk.phonology.ang package

Old English phonology

8.1.12.1.1.1. Submodules

8.1.12.1.1.2. cltk.phonology.ang.orthophonology module

Definition of reconstructed phonology of Old English Sources: - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_English_phonology - https://ealdaenglisc.wordpress.com/old-english-lessons/lesson-0-alphabet-and-pronunciation/

Todo

Remove the import * from source.

8.1.12.1.1.3. cltk.phonology.ang.phonology module

Old Englih phonology tools

Sources:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_English_phonology Hogg, Richard M. (1992). The Cambridge History of the English Language. Chapter 3

class cltk.phonology.ang.phonology.OldEnglishTranscription[source]

Bases: object

Old English transcriber

transcribe(word)[source]
>>> ang_transriber = OldEnglishTranscription()
>>> ang_transriber.transcribe("Bēowulf")
'beːowuɫf'
Parameters:

word – word to transcribe

Returns:

transcribed word

class cltk.phonology.ang.phonology.OldEnglishSyllabifier[source]

Bases: object

Old English syllabifier

syllabify(word)[source]
>>> ang_syllabifier = OldEnglishSyllabifier()
>>> ang_syllabifier.syllabify("Beowulf".lower())
['beo', 'wulf']
Parameters:

word (str) – word to syllabify

Return type:

List[str]

Returns:

syllabified word

8.1.12.1.1.4. cltk.phonology.ang.syllabifier module

Sonority phoneme hierarchy for Old English

8.1.12.1.1.5. cltk.phonology.ang.transcription module

This module attempts to reconstruct the approximate phonology of Old English.

class cltk.phonology.ang.transcription.Transcriber[source]

Bases: object

static transcribe(text, punctuation=True, with_squared_brackets=True)[source]
Parameters:

  • text (str) – The text to be transcribed

  • punctuation – Retain punctuation

  • with_squared_brackets – if True, add squared bracked around transcription

The algorithm first tries the substitutions defined in IPA_rules and IPA.

The following exceptions are considered:

  • Geminants are pronounced as long consonants/vowels

  • [v ð z] are allophones of the fricatives /f θ s/ between vowels

  • [ŋ] is an allophone of /n/ occurring before /k/ and /ɡ/

  • [ɣ] is an allophone of /g/ after a vowel or liquid

  • /l r/ were velarized when geminated or before a consonant

  • [ç, x] are allophones of /h/ when occuring in the coda of a syllable and preceded by front and back vowels respectively

Examples:

>>> Transcriber().transcribe('Fæder ūre þū þe eeart on heofonum,', punctuation = True)
'[fæder uːre θuː θe eːɑrˠt on heovonum,]'

>>> Transcriber().transcribe('Hwæt! wē Gār-Dena in ġēar-dagum', punctuation = False)
'[ʍæt weː gɑːrdenɑ in jæːɑrdɑgum]'
Return type:

str

class cltk.phonology.ang.transcription.Word(w)[source]

Bases: object

Transcription of Old English words

remove_diacritics()[source]
Return type:

str

Returns:

str: the input string stripped of its diacritics

Examples:

>>> Word('ġelǣd').remove_diacritics()
'gelæd'
ascii_encoding()[source]
Returns:

str: Returns the ASCII-encoded string

Thorn (Þ, þ) and Ash(Æ, æ) are substituted by the digraphs ‘th’ and ‘ae’ respectively. Wynn(Ƿ, ƿ) and Eth(Ð, ð) are replaced by ‘w’ and ‘d’.

Examples:

>>> Word('ġelǣd').ascii_encoding()
'gelaed'

>>> Word('ƿeorðunga').ascii_encoding()
'weordunga'

8.1.12.1.1.6. cltk.phonology.ang.transliteration module

Transliteration module for Old English

Anglo-Saxon or Anglo-Frisian runes <-> Latin alphabet

class cltk.phonology.ang.transliteration.Transliterate[source]

Bases: object

Class that provides a transliteration method from Anglo-Saxon or Anglo-Frisian runic alphabet to Latin alphabet and vice versa.

static transliterate(text, mode='Latin')[source]

Transliterates Anglo-Saxon runes into lat and vice versa.

Sources:

http://www.arild-hauge.com/eanglor.htm https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_runes

Parameters:

  • text – str: The text to be transcribed

  • mode –

    Specifies transliteration mode, options:

    Latin (default): Transliterates Anglo-Saxon runes into the lat alphabet, using the Dickins system

    Anglo-Saxon/Anglo-Frisian : Transliterates Latin text into Anglo-Saxon runes

Examples:

>>> Transliterate().transliterate("Hƿæt Ƿe Gardena in geardagum", "Anglo-Saxon")
'ᚻᚹᚫᛏ ᚹᛖ ᚷᚪᚱᛞᛖᚾᚪ ᛁᚾ ᚷᛠᚱᛞᚪᚷᚢᛗ'

>>> Transliterate().transliterate("ᚩᚠᛏ ᛋᚳᚣᛚᛞ ᛋᚳᛖᚠᛁᛝ ᛋᚳᛠᚦᛖᚾᚪ ᚦᚱᛠᛏᚢᛗ", "Latin")
'oft scyld scefin sceathena threatum'