dask.array.sum
dask.array.sum¶
- dask.array.sum(a, axis=None, dtype=None, keepdims=False, split_every=None, out=None)[source]¶
Sum of array elements over a given axis.
This docstring was copied from numpy.sum.
Some inconsistencies with the Dask version may exist.
- Parameters
- aarray_like
Elements to sum.
- axisNone or int or tuple of ints, optional
Axis or axes along which a sum is performed. The default, axis=None, will sum all of the elements of the input array. If axis is negative it counts from the last to the first axis.
New in version 1.7.0.
If axis is a tuple of ints, a sum is performed on all of the axes specified in the tuple instead of a single axis or all the axes as before.
- dtypedtype, optional
The type of the returned array and of the accumulator in which the elements are summed. The dtype of a is used by default unless a has an integer dtype of less precision than the default platform integer. In that case, if a is signed then the platform integer is used while if a is unsigned then an unsigned integer of the same precision as the platform integer is used.
- outndarray, optional
Alternative output array in which to place the result. It must have the same shape as the expected output, but the type of the output values will be cast if necessary.
- keepdimsbool, optional
If this is set to True, the axes which are reduced are left in the result as dimensions with size one. With this option, the result will broadcast correctly against the input array.
If the default value is passed, then keepdims will not be passed through to the sum method of sub-classes of ndarray, however any non-default value will be. If the sub-class’ method does not implement keepdims any exceptions will be raised.
- initialscalar, optional (Not supported in Dask)
Starting value for the sum. See ~numpy.ufunc.reduce for details.
New in version 1.15.0.
- wherearray_like of bool, optional (Not supported in Dask)
Elements to include in the sum. See ~numpy.ufunc.reduce for details.
New in version 1.17.0.
- Returns
- sum_along_axisndarray
An array with the same shape as a, with the specified axis removed. If a is a 0-d array, or if axis is None, a scalar is returned. If an output array is specified, a reference to out is returned.
See also
Notes
Arithmetic is modular when using integer types, and no error is raised on overflow.
The sum of an empty array is the neutral element 0:
>>> np.sum([]) 0.0
For floating point numbers the numerical precision of sum (and
np.add.reduce) is in general limited by directly adding each number individually to the result causing rounding errors in every step. However, often numpy will use a numerically better approach (partial pairwise summation) leading to improved precision in many use-cases. This improved precision is always provided when noaxisis given. Whenaxisis given, it will depend on which axis is summed. Technically, to provide the best speed possible, the improved precision is only used when the summation is along the fast axis in memory. Note that the exact precision may vary depending on other parameters. In contrast to NumPy, Python’smath.fsumfunction uses a slower but more precise approach to summation. Especially when summing a large number of lower precision floating point numbers, such asfloat32, numerical errors can become significant. In such cases it can be advisable to use dtype=”float64” to use a higher precision for the output.Examples
>>> np.sum([0.5, 1.5]) 2.0 >>> np.sum([0.5, 0.7, 0.2, 1.5], dtype=np.int32) 1 >>> np.sum([[0, 1], [0, 5]]) 6 >>> np.sum([[0, 1], [0, 5]], axis=0) array([0, 6]) >>> np.sum([[0, 1], [0, 5]], axis=1) array([1, 5]) >>> np.sum([[0, 1], [np.nan, 5]], where=[False, True], axis=1) array([1., 5.])
If the accumulator is too small, overflow occurs:
>>> np.ones(128, dtype=np.int8).sum(dtype=np.int8) -128
You can also start the sum with a value other than zero:
>>> np.sum([10], initial=5) 15