1.3. Factory Method

1.3.1. Purpose

The good point over the SimpleFactory is you can subclass it to implement different ways to create objects.

For simple cases, this abstract class could be just an interface.

This pattern is a “real” Design Pattern because it achieves the Dependency Inversion principle a.k.a the “D” in SOLID principles.

It means the FactoryMethod class depends on abstractions, not concrete classes. This is the real trick compared to SimpleFactory or StaticFactory.

1.3.2. UML Diagram

Alt FactoryMethod UML Diagram

1.3.3. Code

You can also find this code on GitHub

Logger.php

 1<?php
 2
 3declare(strict_types=1);
 4
 5namespace DesignPatterns\Creational\FactoryMethod;
 6
 7interface Logger
 8{
 9    public function log(string $message);
10}

StdoutLogger.php

 1<?php
 2
 3declare(strict_types=1);
 4
 5namespace DesignPatterns\Creational\FactoryMethod;
 6
 7class StdoutLogger implements Logger
 8{
 9    public function log(string $message)
10    {
11        echo $message;
12    }
13}

FileLogger.php

 1<?php
 2
 3declare(strict_types=1);
 4
 5namespace DesignPatterns\Creational\FactoryMethod;
 6
 7class FileLogger implements Logger
 8{
 9    public function __construct(private string $filePath)
10    {
11    }
12
13    public function log(string $message)
14    {
15        file_put_contents($this->filePath, $message . PHP_EOL, FILE_APPEND);
16    }
17}

LoggerFactory.php

 1<?php
 2
 3declare(strict_types=1);
 4
 5namespace DesignPatterns\Creational\FactoryMethod;
 6
 7interface LoggerFactory
 8{
 9    public function createLogger(): Logger;
10}

StdoutLoggerFactory.php

 1<?php
 2
 3declare(strict_types=1);
 4
 5namespace DesignPatterns\Creational\FactoryMethod;
 6
 7class StdoutLoggerFactory implements LoggerFactory
 8{
 9    public function createLogger(): Logger
10    {
11        return new StdoutLogger();
12    }
13}

FileLoggerFactory.php

 1<?php
 2
 3declare(strict_types=1);
 4
 5namespace DesignPatterns\Creational\FactoryMethod;
 6
 7class FileLoggerFactory implements LoggerFactory
 8{
 9    public function __construct(private string $filePath)
10    {
11    }
12
13    public function createLogger(): Logger
14    {
15        return new FileLogger($this->filePath);
16    }
17}

1.3.4. Test

Tests/FactoryMethodTest.php

 1<?php
 2
 3declare(strict_types=1);
 4
 5namespace DesignPatterns\Creational\FactoryMethod\Tests;
 6
 7use DesignPatterns\Creational\FactoryMethod\FileLogger;
 8use DesignPatterns\Creational\FactoryMethod\FileLoggerFactory;
 9use DesignPatterns\Creational\FactoryMethod\StdoutLogger;
10use DesignPatterns\Creational\FactoryMethod\StdoutLoggerFactory;
11use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
12
13class FactoryMethodTest extends TestCase
14{
15    public function testCanCreateStdoutLogging()
16    {
17        $loggerFactory = new StdoutLoggerFactory();
18        $logger = $loggerFactory->createLogger();
19
20        $this->assertInstanceOf(StdoutLogger::class, $logger);
21    }
22
23    public function testCanCreateFileLogging()
24    {
25        $loggerFactory = new FileLoggerFactory(sys_get_temp_dir());
26        $logger = $loggerFactory->createLogger();
27
28        $this->assertInstanceOf(FileLogger::class, $logger);
29    }
30}