Refine

sympy.assumptions.refine.refine(expr, assumptions=True)

Simplify an expression using assumptions.

Gives the form of expr that would be obtained if symbols in it were replaced by explicit numerical expressions satisfying the assumptions.

Examples

>>> from sympy import refine, sqrt, Q
>>> from sympy.abc import x
>>> refine(sqrt(x**2), Q.real(x))
Abs(x)
>>> refine(sqrt(x**2), Q.positive(x))
x

sympy.assumptions.refine.refine_Pow(expr, assumptions)

Handler for instances of Pow.

>>> from sympy import Symbol, Q
>>> from sympy.assumptions.refine import refine_Pow
>>> from sympy.abc import x,y,z
>>> refine_Pow((-1)**x, Q.real(x))
>>> refine_Pow((-1)**x, Q.even(x))
1
>>> refine_Pow((-1)**x, Q.odd(x))
-1

For powers of -1, even parts of the exponent can be simplified:

>>> refine_Pow((-1)**(x+y), Q.even(x))
(-1)**y
>>> refine_Pow((-1)**(x+y+z), Q.odd(x) & Q.odd(z))
(-1)**y
>>> refine_Pow((-1)**(x+y+2), Q.odd(x))
(-1)**(y + 1)
>>> refine_Pow((-1)**(x+3), True)
(-1)**(x + 1)

sympy.assumptions.refine.refine_Relational(expr, assumptions)

Handler for Relational

>>> from sympy.assumptions.refine import refine_Relational
>>> from sympy.assumptions.ask import Q
>>> from sympy.abc import x
>>> refine_Relational(x<0, ~Q.is_true(x<0))
False

sympy.assumptions.refine.refine_abs(expr, assumptions)

Handler for the absolute value.

Examples

>>> from sympy import Symbol, Q, refine, Abs
>>> from sympy.assumptions.refine import refine_abs
>>> from sympy.abc import x
>>> refine_abs(Abs(x), Q.real(x))
>>> refine_abs(Abs(x), Q.positive(x))
x
>>> refine_abs(Abs(x), Q.negative(x))
-x

sympy.assumptions.refine.refine_atan2(expr, assumptions)

Handler for the atan2 function

Examples

>>> from sympy import Symbol, Q, refine, atan2
>>> from sympy.assumptions.refine import refine_atan2
>>> from sympy.abc import x, y
>>> refine_atan2(atan2(y,x), Q.real(y) & Q.positive(x))
atan(y/x)
>>> refine_atan2(atan2(y,x), Q.negative(y) & Q.negative(x))
atan(y/x) - pi
>>> refine_atan2(atan2(y,x), Q.positive(y) & Q.negative(x))
atan(y/x) + pi
>>> refine_atan2(atan2(y,x), Q.zero(y) & Q.negative(x))
pi
>>> refine_atan2(atan2(y,x), Q.positive(y) & Q.zero(x))
pi/2
>>> refine_atan2(atan2(y,x), Q.negative(y) & Q.zero(x))
-pi/2
>>> refine_atan2(atan2(y,x), Q.zero(y) & Q.zero(x))
nan

sympy.assumptions.refine.refine_im(expr, assumptions)

Handler for imaginary part.

>>> from sympy.assumptions.refine import refine_im
>>> from sympy import Q, im
>>> from sympy.abc import x
>>> refine_im(im(x), Q.real(x))
0
>>> refine_im(im(x), Q.imaginary(x))
-I*x

sympy.assumptions.refine.refine_matrixelement(expr, assumptions)

Handler for symmetric part

Examples

>>> from sympy.assumptions.refine import refine_matrixelement
>>> from sympy import Q
>>> from sympy.matrices.expressions.matexpr import MatrixSymbol
>>> X = MatrixSymbol('X', 3, 3)
>>> refine_matrixelement(X[0, 1], Q.symmetric(X))
X[0, 1]
>>> refine_matrixelement(X[1, 0], Q.symmetric(X))
X[0, 1]

sympy.assumptions.refine.refine_re(expr, assumptions)

Handler for real part.

>>> from sympy.assumptions.refine import refine_re
>>> from sympy import Q, re
>>> from sympy.abc import x
>>> refine_re(re(x), Q.real(x))
x
>>> refine_re(re(x), Q.imaginary(x))
0

sympy.assumptions.refine.refine_sign(expr, assumptions)

Handler for sign

Examples

>>> from sympy.assumptions.refine import refine_sign
>>> from sympy import Symbol, Q, sign, im
>>> x = Symbol('x', real = True)
>>> expr = sign(x)
>>> refine_sign(expr, Q.positive(x) & Q.nonzero(x))
1
>>> refine_sign(expr, Q.negative(x) & Q.nonzero(x))
-1
>>> refine_sign(expr, Q.zero(x))
0
>>> y = Symbol('y', imaginary = True)
>>> expr = sign(y)
>>> refine_sign(expr, Q.positive(im(y)))
I
>>> refine_sign(expr, Q.negative(im(y)))
-I