DOKK Library

Wine Cup with a Boy Holding a Lyre

Authors J. Paul Getty Trust

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             Performing Arts in Art                                                                          Information and Questions for Teaching

             Wine Cup with a Boy Holding a Lyre, painted by Douris, potted by Python

             Wine Cup with a Boy Holding
             a Lyre
             Signed by Douris, painter; attributed to
             Python, potter
             Greek, Athens, about 480 B.C.
             Terracotta
             4 11/16 x 15 5/16 x 12 5/16 in.
             86.AE.290

             Background Information

             Scenes of the daily lives of Athenian
             schoolboys decorate this red-figure cup.
             In addition to basic literacy and
             mathematics, Greek boys were trained
             in athletics and music. On the interior of
             the cup, a boy holding a type of lyre
             called a kithara stands in front of a
             bearded man leaning on his walking stick. The tortoise shell used to make the resonator, or
             soundbox, of the kithara is clearly visible in the image. The boy appears to be attending a music
             lesson with his teacher. On the outside of the cup, men and boys form similar scenes. The
             imagined walls of the schoolroom are hung with musical instruments and athletic equipment: lyres,
             string bags with knucklebones (a game similar to jacks), and aryballoi (small containers for oil or
             perfume). Schoolroom scenes showing boys with their teachers were popular in the early fifth
             century until about 450 B.C. This popularity may have stemmed from the increasing number of
             Athenian citizen families who were investing in formal education for their sons.

             This cup was designed especially for ancient wine-drinking parties called symposia. At symposia,
             male citizens would gather for dinner, conversation, music, entertainment, and drinking. The master
             of ceremonies for the evening, called the symposiarch, would decide how much wine would be
             drunk. Ancient Greeks diluted their wine with water, a practice that they believed set them apart
             from “barbarians,” which was a term they used to refer to all non-Greeks. The symposiarch would
             determine the proportion of water to wine, and servants would mix the liquids in a vessel called a
             krater and pour the drink into wine cups like this.


             About the Artists

             Douris (Greek, active 500–460 B.C.)

             Douris worked as a vase painter in Athens in the early fifth century B.C. He also occasionally
             worked as a potter, which was not common in antiquity, when pottery was usually formed by one
             skilled tradesman and decorated by another person who specialized in painting. Douris is known
             from forty-one signed vases, two of which he also potted. Altogether, almost three hundred vases


                                                                                  © 2011 J. Paul Getty Trust


© 2011 J. Paul Getty Trust.   This education resource is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
            Performing Arts in Art                                                                        Information and Questions for Teaching

            Wine Cup with a Boy Holding a Lyre, painted by Douris, potted by Python
            have been attributed to him. Douris primarily decorated red-figure cups, but he also painted a few
            vessels of other forms and in other techniques, including white-ground containers. He depicted
            scenes of both mythology and everyday life. He worked with a number of potters but seems to have
            had a regular collaboration with Python. Douris was so influential in his day that another painter,
            Onesimos, depicted a cup signed by Douris on one of his vases, and there is even an ancient
            forgery of Douris’s signature.

            Python (Greek, active 500–480 B.C.)

            The potter Python, who formed the wine cup out of clay, had a long association with Douris, who
            painted decorations on it. Although it was common practice for one person to form the shape of a
            piece of pottery and another to paint it, the continued collaboration of Douris and Python was
            unusual. In addition to working with Douris, Python potted cups for Epiktetos and the Triptolemos
            painter.

            Python worked in Athens in the early 400s B.C. A specialist in cups, he is known from his signature
            on three vases. Distinctive aspects of Python’s potting style include the form and size of the foot of
            his cups and the shape and angle of the handles. Many of his cups are small in size.




                                                                              © 2011 J. Paul Getty Trust                                                                         2
© 2011 J. Paul Getty Trust.   This education resource is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
            Performing Arts
                         Performing
                            in Art  Arts in Art                                                           Information and
                                                                                                                        Information
                                                                                                                           Questionsand
                                                                                                                                     for Questions
                                                                                                                                         Teaching for Teaching

            Wine Cup with
                      Initial R: The
                           a Boy  Holding
                                     Resurrection, Antonio
                                          a Lyre, painted    da Monza
                                                          by Douris, potted by Python

            Questions for
                      Questions
                          Teaching
                                 for Teaching

            Take the time toTake
                             lookthe
                                  closely
                                     time at
                                          to the
                                              lookwork of art.
                                                   closely     What
                                                           at the   do of
                                                                  work you  notice
                                                                          art. Whatabout thedoobject?
                                                                                    details    you notice?

            What do you notice
                          Whatabout
                               colorsthe
                                       dopeople depicted
                                          you see? (blue, in the red,
                                                           gold, center of theetc.)
                                                                      brown,   work of art?

            What objects are   theykinds
                            What     depicted   with?
                                          of lines do (The  man (curvy,
                                                       you see?  is leaning   on a walking
                                                                          straight,        stick;
                                                                                    diagonal,     the boy etc.)
                                                                                              horizontal,  is holding a
            lyre.)
                            What kinds of shapes do you see? (circles, rectangles, squares, diamonds, ovals, geometric,
            Based on the gestures,
                            organic, size,
                                      etc.) and physical appearance of the people, as well as the objects
            depicted with them, what do you think is the relationship between the two individuals? (The figures
            could be a student
                            What learning  to play
                                   lines and        the are
                                               shapes   kithara with his(circles,
                                                            repeated?    teacher,squares,
                                                                                   or a young  musician
                                                                                           organic        withcurvy
                                                                                                    shapes,    a parental
                                                                                                                    lines, horizontal
            figure.)        lines, etc.)

            Painters using the
                             What red-figure  technique
                                     details do           hadinathe
                                                 you notice      much   greater
                                                                     page’s      freedom
                                                                            borders?       of expression
                                                                                        What   other detailsthan  those
                                                                                                              do you      using
                                                                                                                       see?   (curvy blue
            the earlier black-figure    technique,
                             leaves, circles         whichpeople,
                                               containing   relied on  incised with
                                                                     serpents   rather than painted
                                                                                     colorful          lines.with
                                                                                              tails, angels    Canwings
                                                                                                                     you shaped like
            describe the ways     different
                             triangles,     types of lines were used to create details on the wine cup. (long,
                                         etc.)
            straight, and wavy lines to depict the folds of fabric; curvy lines to denote muscles; short, thin lines
            for eyebrows, toes,
                             Whatmouths;     cross-hatched
                                     words would    you use tolines  on thethis
                                                                 describe   cushion
                                                                                work of
                                                                                      of the
                                                                                         art?stool;  repeated
                                                                                               (fancy,          spiral lines
                                                                                                        pretty, detailed,    in
                                                                                                                           etc.)
            the circular pattern)
                             This page comes from a book that contains chants sung by a choir in medieval times. What
            View a reproduction     of the or
                             similarities  wine   cup fromdo
                                              differences   another   angle.
                                                               you notice    Look closely
                                                                           between           at the form
                                                                                      the medieval    wayofofthe  object.
                                                                                                               writing music and the modern
            Does it remind you
                             day of   anything
                                   way?   (Both in youra home?
                                                 have    staff, but the modern-day staff has five lines; the medieval staff has four.
                             Medieval notes are square; modern-day notes have ovals and stems.)
            What does the form of the object reveal about how the object may have been used? (The bowl
            shape of the interior   could hold
                             Only monks     andliquids,
                                                  canonsand    the have
                                                           would   handles
                                                                         hadwould
                                                                              accesshave   enabled
                                                                                       to this  book,someone
                                                                                                       and only to  easily people
                                                                                                                 wealthy    hold were able to
            and lift the object.)
                             read and write during medieval times. How would you feel if you were not allowed access to the
                             manuscript page or could not learn how to read or write unless you were wealthy?
            Why do you think an object used at a drinking party would be painted with a scene of a music
            teacher and student? (Music was an important part of daily life and formal education in ancient
            Greece.)

            What special cups or plates do you or your families like to use at parties?




                                                                              © 2011 J. Paul Getty ©
                                                                                                   Trust
                                                                                                     2011 J. Paul Getty Trust                                                    3                      3
© 2011 J. Paul Getty Trust.   This education resource is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.