debsums - check the MD5 sums of installed Debian packages
debsums [options] [package|deb]
...
Verify installed Debian package files against MD5 checksum lists
from /var/lib/dpkg/info/*.md5sums.
debsums can generate checksum lists from deb archives for
packages that don't include one.
- -a, --all
- Also check configuration files (normally excluded).
- -e, --config
- Only check configuration files.
- -c, --changed
- Report changed file list to stdout (implies -s).
- -l,
--list-missing
- List packages (or debs) which don't have an MD5 sums file.
- -s, --silent
- Only report errors.
- -m,
--md5sums=file
- Read list of deb checksums from file.
- -r,
--root=dir
- Root directory to check (default /).
- -d,
--admindir=dir
- dpkg admin directory (default /var/lib/dpkg).
- -p,
--deb-path=dir[:dir...]
- Directories in which to look for debs derived from the package name
(default is the current directory).
- A useful value is /var/cache/apt/archives when using apt-get
autoclean or not clearing the cache at all. The command:
- apt-get --reinstall -d install `debsums -l`
- may be used to populate the cache with any debs not already in the
cache.
- Note: This doesn't work for CD-ROM and other local sources as
packages are not copied to /var/cache. Simple file sources (all
debs in a single directory) should be added to the -p list.
- -g,
--generate=[missing|all][,keep[,nocheck]]
- Generate MD5 sums from deb contents. If the argument is a package name
rather than a deb archive, the program will look for a deb named
package_version_arch.deb in the directories given by
the -p option.
- missing
- Generate MD5 sums from the deb for packages which don't provide one.
- all
- Ignore the on disk sums and use the one supplied in the deb, or generated
from it if none exists.
- keep
- Write the extracted/generated sums to
/var/lib/dpkg/info/package.md5sums.
- nocheck
- Implies keep; the extracted/generated sums are not checked against
the installed package.
- For backward compatibility, the short option -g is equivalent to
--generate=missing.
- --no-locale-purge
- Report missing locale files even if localepurge is configured.
- --no-prelink
- Report changed ELF files even if prelink is configured.
- --ignore-permissions
- Treat permission errors as warnings when running as non-root.
- --ignore-obsolete
- Ignore obsolete conffiles.
- --help
- --version
- Print help and version information.
debsums returns 0 on success, or a combination* of
the following values on error:
- 1
- A specified package or archive name was not installed, invalid or the
installed version did not match the given archive.
- 2
- Changed or missing package files, or checksum mismatch on an archive.
- 255
- Invalid option.
*If both of the first two conditions are true, the exit status
will be 3.
- OK
- The file's MD5 sum is good.
- FAILED
- The file's MD5 sum does not match.
- REPLACED
- The file has been replaced by a file from a different package.
In order to create md5sums files for the already installed
packages which don't have them, you must run debsums_init once after
the installation of debsums package.
- TMPDIR
- Directory for extracting information and contents from package archives
(/tmp by default).
While in general the program may be run as a normal user, some
packages contain files which are not globally readable so cannot be checked.
Privileges are of course also required when generating sums with the
keep option set.
Files which have been replaced by another package may be
erroneously reported as changed.
debsums is intended primarily as a way of determining what
installed files have been locally modified by the administrator or damaged
by media errors and is of limited use as a security tool.
If you are looking for an integrity checker that can run from safe
media, do integrity checks on checksum databases and can be easily
configured to run periodically to warn the admin of changes see other tools
such as: aide, integrit, samhain, or
tripwire.
Written by Brendan O'Dea <bod@debian.org>.
Based on a program by Christoph Lameter <clameter@debian.org> and Petr
Cech <cech@debian.org>.
Copyright © 2002 Brendan O'Dea <bod@debian.org>
This is free software, licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public
License. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.