nuitka - the Python compiler
nuitka [--module] [--run] [options]
main_module.py
- --version
- show program's version number and exit
- -h, --help
- show this help message and exit
- --module
- Create an extension module executable instead of a program. Defaults to
off.
- --standalone
- Enable standalone mode in build. This allows you to transfer the created
binary to other machines without it relying on an existing Python
installation. It implies these option: "--recurse-all". You may
also want to use "--python-flag=no_site" to avoid the
"site.py" module, which can save a lot of code dependencies.
Defaults to off.
- --python-debug
- Use debug version or not. Default uses what you are using to run Nuitka,
most likely a non-debug version.
- --python-flag=PYTHON_FLAGS
- Python flags to use. Default uses what you are using to run Nuitka, this
enforces a specific mode. These are options that also exist to standard
Python executable. Currently supported: "-S" (alias
"nosite"), "static_hashes" (not use hash
randomization), "no_warnings" (do not give Python runtime
warnings), "-O" (alias "noasserts"). Default
empty.
- --python-for-scons=PYTHON_SCONS
- If using Python3.3 or Python3.4, provide the path of a Python binary to
use for Scons. Otherwise Nuitka can use what you run Nuitka with or a
"scons" binary that is found in PATH, or a Python installation
from Windows registry.
- --warn-implicit-exceptions
- Enable warnings for implicit exceptions detected at compile time.
- --warn-unusual-code
- Enable warnings for unusual code detected at compile time.
- --assume-yes-for-downloads
- Allow Nuitka to download code if necessary, e.g. dependency walker on
Windows.
- --include-package=PACKAGE
- Include a whole package. Give as a Python namespace, e.g.
``some_package.sub_package`` and Nuitka will then find it and include it
and all the modules found below that disk location in the binary or
extension module it creates, and make it available for import by the code.
Default empty.
- --include-module=MODULE
- Include a single module. Give as a Python namespace, e.g.
``some_package.some_module`` and Nuitka will then find it and include it
in the binary or extension module it creates, and make it available for
import by the code. Default empty.
- --include-plugin-directory=MODULE/PACKAGE
- Include the content of that directory, no matter if it's used by the given
main program in a visible form. Overrides all other recursion options. Can
be given multiple times. Default empty.
- --include-plugin-files=PATTERN
- Include into files matching the PATTERN. Overrides all recursion other
options. Can be given multiple times. Default empty.
- --follow-stdlib,
--recurse-stdlib
- Also descend into imported modules from standard library. This will
increase the compilation time by a lot. Defaults to off.
- --nofollow-imports,
--recurse-none
- When --recurse-none is used, do not descend into any imported
modules at all, overrides all other recursion options. Defaults to
off.
- --follow-imports,
--recurse-all
- When --recurse-all is used, attempt to descend into all imported
modules. Defaults to off.
- --follow-import-to=MODULE/PACKAGE,
--recurse-to=MODULE/PACKAGE
- Recurse to that module, or if a package, to the whole package. Can be
given multiple times. Default empty.
- --nofollow-import-to=MODULE/PACKAGE,
--recurse-not-to=MODULE/PACKAGE
- Do not recurse to that module name, or if a package name, to the whole
package in any case, overrides all other options. Can be given multiple
times. Default empty.
- --run
- Execute immediately the created binary (or import the compiled module).
Defaults to off.
- --debugger,
--gdb
- Execute inside "gdb" to automatically get a stack trace.
Defaults to off.
- --execute-with-pythonpath
- When immediately executing the created binary (--execute), don't
reset PYTHONPATH. When all modules are successfully included, you ought to
not need PYTHONPATH anymore.
- --xml
- Dump the final result of optimization as XML, then exit.
- --full-compat
- Enforce absolute compatibility with CPython. Do not even allow minor
deviations from CPython behavior, e.g. better tracebacks, which are not
really incompatible, but different. This is intended for tests only and
should not be necessary for normal use.
- --file-reference-choice=FILE_REFERENCE_MODE
- Select what value "__file__" is going to be. With
"runtime" (default for standalone binary mode and module mode),
the created binaries and modules, use the location of themselves to deduct
the value of "__file__". Included packages pretend to be in
directories below that location. This allows you to include data files in
deployments. If you merely seek acceleration, it's better for you to use
the "original" value, where the source files location will be
used. With "frozen" a notation "<frozen
module_name>" is used. For compatibility reasons, the
"__file__" value will always have ".py" suffix
independent of what it really is.
- -o FILENAME
- Specify how the executable should be named. For extension modules there is
no choice, also not for standalone mode and using it will be an error.
This may include path information that needs to exist though. Defaults to
<program_name> on this platform. .bin
- --output-dir=DIRECTORY
- Specify where intermediate and final output files should be put. The
DIRECTORY will be populated with C files, object files, etc. Defaults to
current directory.
- --remove-output
- Removes the build directory after producing the module or exe file.
Defaults to off.
- --no-pyi-file
- Do not create a ".pyi" file for extension modules created by
Nuitka. This is used to detect implicit imports. Defaults to off.
- --debug
- Executing all self checks possible to find errors in Nuitka, do not use
for production. Defaults to off.
- --unstripped
- Keep debug info in the resulting object file for better debugger
interaction. Defaults to off.
- --profile
- Enable vmprof based profiling of time spent. Defaults to off.
- --graph
- Create graph of optimization process. Defaults to off.
- --trace-execution
- Traced execution output, output the line of code before executing it.
Defaults to off.
- --recompile-c-only
- Take existing files and compile them again. Allows compiling edited C
files with the C compiler for quick debugging changes to the generated
source. Defaults to off. Depends on compiling Python source to determine
which files it should look at.
- --generate-c-only
- Generate only C source code, and do not compile it to binary or module.
This is for debugging and code coverage analysis that doesn't waste CPU.
Defaults to off.
- --experimental=EXPERIMENTAL
- Use features declared as 'experimental'. May have no effect if no
experimental features are present in the code. Uses secret tags (check
source) per experimented feature.
- --clang
- Enforce the use of clang (needs clang 3.2 or higher). Defaults to
off.
- --mingw64
- Enforce the use of MinGW64 on Windows. Defaults to off.
- --msvc=MSVC
- Enforce the use of specific MSVC version on Windows. Allowed values are
e.g. 14.0, specify an illegal value for a list of installed compilers.
Defaults to the most recent version.
- -j N,
--jobs=N
- Specify the allowed number of parallel C compiler jobs. Defaults to the
system CPU count.
- --lto
- Use link time optimizations if available and usable (gcc 4.6 and higher).
Defaults to off.
- --show-scons
- Operate Scons in non-quiet mode, showing the executed commands. Defaults
to off.
- --show-progress
- Provide progress information and statistics. Defaults to off.
- --show-memory
- Provide memory information and statistics. Defaults to off.
- --show-modules
- Provide a final summary on included modules. Defaults to off.
- --verbose
- Output details of actions taken, esp. in optimizations. Can become a lot.
Defaults to off.
- --plugin-enable=PLUGINS_ENABLED,
--enable-plugin=PLUGINS_ENABLED
- Enabled plugins. Must be plug-in names. Use --pluginlist to query
the full list and exit. Default empty.
- --plugin-disable=PLUGINS_DISABLED,
--disable-plugin=PLUGINS_DISABLED
- Disabled plugins. Must be plug-in names. Use --pluginlist to query
the full list and exit. Default empty.
- --plugin-no-detection
- Plugins can detect if they might be used, and the you can disable the
warning via --plugin-disable=pluginthat-warned, or you can
use this option to disable the mechanism entirely, which also speeds up
compilation slightly of course as this detection code is run in vain once
you are certain of which plug-ins to use. Defaults to off.
- --plugin-list
- Show list of all available plugins and exit. Defaults to off.
- --user-plugin=USER_PLUGINS
- The file name of user plugin. Can be given multiple times. Default
empty.
Python: 2.7.13 (default, Sep 26 2018, 18:42:22) Executable:
/usr/bin/python2 OS: Linux Arch: armv7l
Compile a Python file "some_module.py" to a module
"some_module.so":
- $ nuitka --module some_module.py
Compile a Python program "some_program.py" to an
executable "some_program.exe":
- $ nuitka some_program.py
Compile a Python program "some_program.py" and the
package "some_package" it uses to an executable
"some_program.exe":
- $ nuitka --recurse-to=some_package
some_program.py
Compile a Python program "some_program.py" and all the
modules it uses to an executable "some_program.exe". Then execute
it immediately when ready:
- $ nuitka --run --recurse-all some_program.py
Compile a Python program "some_program.py" and the
modules it uses (even standard library) to an executable
"some_program.exe":
- $ nuitka --recurse-all --recurse-stdlib
some_program.py
Compile a Python program "some_program.py" and the
modules it uses to an executable "some_program.exe". Keep the
debug information, so valgrind, gdb, etc. work nicely.
Note: This will *not* degrade performance:
- $ nuitka --unstriped --recurse-all
some_program.py
Compile a Python program "some_program.py" and the
modules it uses to an executable "some_program.exe". Perform all
kinds of checks about correctness of the generated C and run-time
checks.
Note: This will degrade performance and should only be used to
debug Nuitka:
- $ nuitka --debug --recurse-all
some_program.py
Compile a Python program "some_program.py" and the
modules it uses to an executable "some_program.exe". Perform all
kinds of checks about correctness of the generated C and run-time checks.
Also use the debug Python library, which does its own checks.
Note: This will degrade performance and should only be used to
debug Nuitka:
- $ nuitka --debug --python-debug --recurse-all
some_program.py
Compile a Python program "some_program.py" and the
plugins modules it loads at run time to an executable
"some_program.exe":
- $ nuitka --recurse-all --recurse-directory=plugins_dir
some_program.py