| IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress(3perl) | Perl Programmers Reference Guide | IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress(3perl) |
IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress - Uncompress gzip, zip, bzip2, xz, lzma, lzip, lzf or lzop file/buffer
use IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress qw(anyuncompress $AnyUncompressError) ;
my $status = anyuncompress $input => $output [,OPTS]
or die "anyuncompress failed: $AnyUncompressError\n";
my $z = new IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress $input [OPTS]
or die "anyuncompress failed: $AnyUncompressError\n";
$status = $z->read($buffer)
$status = $z->read($buffer, $length)
$status = $z->read($buffer, $length, $offset)
$line = $z->getline()
$char = $z->getc()
$char = $z->ungetc()
$char = $z->opened()
$data = $z->trailingData()
$status = $z->nextStream()
$data = $z->getHeaderInfo()
$z->tell()
$z->seek($position, $whence)
$z->binmode()
$z->fileno()
$z->eof()
$z->close()
$AnyUncompressError ;
# IO::File mode
<$z>
read($z, $buffer);
read($z, $buffer, $length);
read($z, $buffer, $length, $offset);
tell($z)
seek($z, $position, $whence)
binmode($z)
fileno($z)
eof($z)
close($z)
This module provides a Perl interface that allows the reading of files/buffers that have been compressed with a variety of compression libraries.
The formats supported are:
The module will auto-detect which, if any, of the supported compression formats is being used.
A top-level function, "anyuncompress", is provided to carry out "one-shot" uncompression between buffers and/or files. For finer control over the uncompression process, see the "OO Interface" section.
use IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress qw(anyuncompress $AnyUncompressError) ;
anyuncompress $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [,OPTS]
or die "anyuncompress failed: $AnyUncompressError\n";
The functional interface needs Perl5.005 or better.
"anyuncompress" expects at least two parameters, $input_filename_or_reference and $output_filename_or_reference and zero or more optional parameters (see "Optional Parameters")
The $input_filename_or_reference parameter
The parameter, $input_filename_or_reference, is used to define the source of the compressed data.
It can take one of the following forms:
The input data will be read from each file in turn.
The complete array will be walked to ensure that it only contains valid filenames before any data is uncompressed.
See File::GlobMapper for more details.
If the $input_filename_or_reference parameter is any other type, "undef" will be returned.
The $output_filename_or_reference parameter
The parameter $output_filename_or_reference is used to control the destination of the uncompressed data. This parameter can take one of these forms.
When $output_filename_or_reference is an fileglob string, $input_filename_or_reference must also be a fileglob string. Anything else is an error.
See File::GlobMapper for more details.
If the $output_filename_or_reference parameter is any other type, "undef" will be returned.
When $input_filename_or_reference maps to multiple compressed files/buffers and $output_filename_or_reference is a single file/buffer, after uncompression $output_filename_or_reference will contain a concatenation of all the uncompressed data from each of the input files/buffers.
The optional parameters for the one-shot function "anyuncompress" are (for the most part) identical to those used with the OO interface defined in the "Constructor Options" section. The exceptions are listed below
If "AutoClose" is specified, and the value is true, it will result in all input and/or output filehandles being closed once "anyuncompress" has completed.
This parameter defaults to 0.
If "Append" is enabled, all uncompressed data will be append to the end of the output buffer. Otherwise the output buffer will be cleared before any uncompressed data is written to it.
If "Append" is enabled, the file will be opened in append mode. Otherwise the contents of the file, if any, will be truncated before any uncompressed data is written to it.
If "Append" is enabled, the filehandle will be positioned to the end of the file via a call to "seek" before any uncompressed data is written to it. Otherwise the file pointer will not be moved.
When "Append" is specified, and set to true, it will append all uncompressed data to the output data stream.
So when the output is a filehandle it will carry out a seek to the eof before writing any uncompressed data. If the output is a filename, it will be opened for appending. If the output is a buffer, all uncompressed data will be appended to the existing buffer.
Conversely when "Append" is not specified, or it is present and is set to false, it will operate as follows.
When the output is a filename, it will truncate the contents of the file before writing any uncompressed data. If the output is a filehandle its position will not be changed. If the output is a buffer, it will be wiped before any uncompressed data is output.
Defaults to 0.
Defaults to 0.
This option can be used when there is useful information immediately following the compressed data stream, and you don't know the length of the compressed data stream.
If the input is a buffer, "trailingData" will return everything from the end of the compressed data stream to the end of the buffer.
If the input is a filehandle, "trailingData" will return the data that is left in the filehandle input buffer once the end of the compressed data stream has been reached. You can then use the filehandle to read the rest of the input file.
Don't bother using "trailingData" if the input is a filename.
If you know the length of the compressed data stream before you start uncompressing, you can avoid having to use "trailingData" by setting the "InputLength" option.
To read the contents of the file "file1.txt.Compressed" and write the uncompressed data to the file "file1.txt".
use strict ;
use warnings ;
use IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress qw(anyuncompress $AnyUncompressError) ;
my $input = "file1.txt.Compressed";
my $output = "file1.txt";
anyuncompress $input => $output
or die "anyuncompress failed: $AnyUncompressError\n";
To read from an existing Perl filehandle, $input, and write the uncompressed data to a buffer, $buffer.
use strict ;
use warnings ;
use IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress qw(anyuncompress $AnyUncompressError) ;
use IO::File ;
my $input = new IO::File "<file1.txt.Compressed"
or die "Cannot open 'file1.txt.Compressed': $!\n" ;
my $buffer ;
anyuncompress $input => \$buffer
or die "anyuncompress failed: $AnyUncompressError\n";
To uncompress all files in the directory "/my/home" that match "*.txt.Compressed" and store the compressed data in the same directory
use strict ;
use warnings ;
use IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress qw(anyuncompress $AnyUncompressError) ;
anyuncompress '</my/home/*.txt.Compressed>' => '</my/home/#1.txt>'
or die "anyuncompress failed: $AnyUncompressError\n";
and if you want to compress each file one at a time, this will do the trick
use strict ;
use warnings ;
use IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress qw(anyuncompress $AnyUncompressError) ;
for my $input ( glob "/my/home/*.txt.Compressed" )
{
my $output = $input;
$output =~ s/.Compressed// ;
anyuncompress $input => $output
or die "Error compressing '$input': $AnyUncompressError\n";
}
The format of the constructor for IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress is shown below
my $z = new IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress $input [OPTS]
or die "IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress failed: $AnyUncompressError\n";
Returns an "IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress" object on success and undef on failure. The variable $AnyUncompressError will contain an error message on failure.
If you are running Perl 5.005 or better the object, $z, returned from IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress can be used exactly like an IO::File filehandle. This means that all normal input file operations can be carried out with $z. For example, to read a line from a compressed file/buffer you can use either of these forms
$line = $z->getline();
$line = <$z>;
The mandatory parameter $input is used to determine the source of the compressed data. This parameter can take one of three forms.
The option names defined below are case insensitive and can be optionally prefixed by a '-'. So all of the following are valid
-AutoClose
-autoclose
AUTOCLOSE
autoclose
OPTS is a combination of the following options:
This parameter defaults to 0.
This parameter defaults to 0.
This option can be useful when the compressed data is embedded in another file/data structure and it is not possible to work out where the compressed data begins without having to read the first few bytes. If this is the case, the uncompression can be primed with these bytes using this option.
In addition, if the input file/buffer does contain compressed data and there is non-compressed data immediately following it, setting this option will make this module treat the whole file/buffer as a single data stream.
This option defaults to 1.
This option defaults to 4096.
This option is mostly used when reading from a filehandle, in which case the file pointer will be left pointing to the first byte directly after the compressed data stream.
This option defaults to off.
If set to 1, all uncompressed data will be appended to the output parameter of the "read" method.
If set to 0, the contents of the output parameter of the "read" method will be overwritten by the uncompressed data.
Defaults to 0.
The default for this option is off.
The reason this is not default behaviour is because RFC 1951 content can only be detected by attempting to uncompress it. This process is error prone and can result is false positives.
Defaults to 0.
The reason this is not default behaviour is because lzma_alone content can only be detected by attempting to uncompress it. This process is error prone and can result is false positives.
Defaults to 0.
TODO
Usage is
$status = $z->read($buffer)
Reads a block of compressed data (the size of the compressed block is determined by the "Buffer" option in the constructor), uncompresses it and writes any uncompressed data into $buffer. If the "Append" parameter is set in the constructor, the uncompressed data will be appended to the $buffer parameter. Otherwise $buffer will be overwritten.
Returns the number of uncompressed bytes written to $buffer, zero if eof or a negative number on error.
Usage is
$status = $z->read($buffer, $length)
$status = $z->read($buffer, $length, $offset)
$status = read($z, $buffer, $length)
$status = read($z, $buffer, $length, $offset)
Attempt to read $length bytes of uncompressed data into $buffer.
The main difference between this form of the "read" method and the previous one, is that this one will attempt to return exactly $length bytes. The only circumstances that this function will not is if end-of-file or an IO error is encountered.
Returns the number of uncompressed bytes written to $buffer, zero if eof or a negative number on error.
Usage is
$line = $z->getline()
$line = <$z>
Reads a single line.
This method fully supports the use of the variable $/ (or $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR or $RS when "English" is in use) to determine what constitutes an end of line. Paragraph mode, record mode and file slurp mode are all supported.
Usage is
$char = $z->getc()
Read a single character.
Usage is
$char = $z->ungetc($string)
Usage is
$hdr = $z->getHeaderInfo();
@hdrs = $z->getHeaderInfo();
This method returns either a hash reference (in scalar context) or a list or hash references (in array context) that contains information about each of the header fields in the compressed data stream(s).
Usage is
$z->tell()
tell $z
Returns the uncompressed file offset.
Usage is
$z->eof();
eof($z);
Returns true if the end of the compressed input stream has been reached.
$z->seek($position, $whence);
seek($z, $position, $whence);
Provides a sub-set of the "seek" functionality, with the restriction that it is only legal to seek forward in the input file/buffer. It is a fatal error to attempt to seek backward.
Note that the implementation of "seek" in this module does not provide true random access to a compressed file/buffer. It works by uncompressing data from the current offset in the file/buffer until it reaches the uncompressed offset specified in the parameters to "seek". For very small files this may be acceptable behaviour. For large files it may cause an unacceptable delay.
The $whence parameter takes one the usual values, namely SEEK_SET, SEEK_CUR or SEEK_END.
Returns 1 on success, 0 on failure.
Usage is
$z->binmode
binmode $z ;
This is a noop provided for completeness.
$z->opened()
Returns true if the object currently refers to a opened file/buffer.
my $prev = $z->autoflush()
my $prev = $z->autoflush(EXPR)
If the $z object is associated with a file or a filehandle, this method returns the current autoflush setting for the underlying filehandle. If "EXPR" is present, and is non-zero, it will enable flushing after every write/print operation.
If $z is associated with a buffer, this method has no effect and always returns "undef".
Note that the special variable $| cannot be used to set or retrieve the autoflush setting.
$z->input_line_number()
$z->input_line_number(EXPR)
Returns the current uncompressed line number. If "EXPR" is present it has the effect of setting the line number. Note that setting the line number does not change the current position within the file/buffer being read.
The contents of $/ are used to determine what constitutes a line terminator.
$z->fileno()
fileno($z)
If the $z object is associated with a file or a filehandle, "fileno" will return the underlying file descriptor. Once the "close" method is called "fileno" will return "undef".
If the $z object is associated with a buffer, this method will return "undef".
$z->close() ;
close $z ;
Closes the output file/buffer.
For most versions of Perl this method will be automatically invoked if the IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress object is destroyed (either explicitly or by the variable with the reference to the object going out of scope). The exceptions are Perl versions 5.005 through 5.00504 and 5.8.0. In these cases, the "close" method will be called automatically, but not until global destruction of all live objects when the program is terminating.
Therefore, if you want your scripts to be able to run on all versions of Perl, you should call "close" explicitly and not rely on automatic closing.
Returns true on success, otherwise 0.
If the "AutoClose" option has been enabled when the IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress object was created, and the object is associated with a file, the underlying file will also be closed.
Usage is
my $status = $z->nextStream();
Skips to the next compressed data stream in the input file/buffer. If a new compressed data stream is found, the eof marker will be cleared and $. will be reset to 0.
Returns 1 if a new stream was found, 0 if none was found, and -1 if an error was encountered.
Usage is
my $data = $z->trailingData();
Returns the data, if any, that is present immediately after the compressed data stream once uncompression is complete. It only makes sense to call this method once the end of the compressed data stream has been encountered.
This option can be used when there is useful information immediately following the compressed data stream, and you don't know the length of the compressed data stream.
If the input is a buffer, "trailingData" will return everything from the end of the compressed data stream to the end of the buffer.
If the input is a filehandle, "trailingData" will return the data that is left in the filehandle input buffer once the end of the compressed data stream has been reached. You can then use the filehandle to read the rest of the input file.
Don't bother using "trailingData" if the input is a filename.
If you know the length of the compressed data stream before you start uncompressing, you can avoid having to use "trailingData" by setting the "InputLength" option in the constructor.
No symbolic constants are required by this IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress at present.
use IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress qw(anyuncompress $AnyUncompressError) ;
General feedback/questions/bug reports should be sent to <https://github.com/pmqs/IO-Compress/issues> (preferred) or <https://rt.cpan.org/Public/Dist/Display.html?Name=IO-Compress>.
Compress::Zlib, IO::Compress::Gzip, IO::Uncompress::Gunzip, IO::Compress::Deflate, IO::Uncompress::Inflate, IO::Compress::RawDeflate, IO::Uncompress::RawInflate, IO::Compress::Bzip2, IO::Uncompress::Bunzip2, IO::Compress::Lzma, IO::Uncompress::UnLzma, IO::Compress::Xz, IO::Uncompress::UnXz, IO::Compress::Lzip, IO::Uncompress::UnLzip, IO::Compress::Lzop, IO::Uncompress::UnLzop, IO::Compress::Lzf, IO::Uncompress::UnLzf, IO::Compress::Zstd, IO::Uncompress::UnZstd, IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate
IO::Compress::FAQ
File::GlobMapper, Archive::Zip, Archive::Tar, IO::Zlib
This module was written by Paul Marquess, "pmqs@cpan.org".
See the Changes file.
Copyright (c) 2005-2019 Paul Marquess. All rights reserved.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
| 2023-11-25 | perl v5.32.1 |