NAME

treeview - Create and manipulate hierarchical table widgets

SYNOPSIS

treeview pathName ?options?

DESCRIPTION

The treeview widget displays a tree of data with styles, tags, and data sharing (via tree data objects).

INTRODUCTION

The treeview widget manages a collection of entries where each entry contains a tree node plus added style and attribute information.

Entries are usually inserted into a treeview with a label-list to specify the unique hierarchical position relative to root (or the -at node); The tail of this label-list is unique within its hierarchical level. If no label is given, the generated node-id is used as the label. Labels provide a convenient way to index entries using the -> notation. eg.

 treeview .t


 .t insert end


 .t insert end X


 .t insert end A {A a} {A b} B C


 .t insert end a b c {c i} {c ii}   -at root->B


 set id [.t index root->B->c->i]


 puts [.t get $id];        # outputs i


 puts [.t get -full $id];  # outputs {B c i}


 pack .t

COLUMN DATA

Column data can be stored within an entry using the -data option or entry sub-commands, eg.

 treeview .t


 .t column insert end X Y Z


 .t insert end A -data {X 1 Y 2}


 .t insert end B -data {X 3 Y 4 Z 5}


 .t entry conf root->B -data {X 5 Y 4 Z 3}


 .t entry set  root->A Z 3


 .t entry incr root->B Y


 pack .t

Labels can be created with auto-generated sequence numbers using an empty string or a trailing #auto.

 treeview .t


 .t column insert end X


 .t insert end {}       -data {X 0};   # Label is "1"


 .t insert end #auto    -data {X 1};   # Label is "2"


 .t insert end Foo#auto -data {X 2};   # Label is "Foo1"


 pack .t

TREE DATA OBJECT

Node data in treeview is actually stored in a tree data object, which separates data storage from widget appearance. The -tree option can be used to explictly set a tree (externally created with the tree command) thus giving access to trees more extensive data manipulation facilities, eg.

 set t [tree create]


 $t insert root -label A


 $t insert root->A -label B -data {X 1}


 treeview .t -tree $t


 .t column insert end X


 pack .t

A tree can also be attached to a treeview, eg.

 set t [tree create]


 $t attach [.t cget -tree]


 set dump [$t dump root]


 tree destroy $t

Note that when inserting data via the tree sub-commands, unique label checking is not performed.

SYNTAX

treeview pathName ?option value?...

The treeview command creates a new window pathName and makes it into a treeview widget. At the time this command is invoked, there must not exist a window named pathName, but pathName's parent must exist. Additional options may be specified on the command line or in the option database to configure aspects of the widget such as its colors and font. See the configure operation below for the exact details about what option and value pairs are valid.

If successful, treeview returns the path name of the widget. It also creates a new Tcl command by the same name. You can use this command to invoke various operations that query or modify the widget. The operations available are described in the TREEVIEW OPERATIONS section.

Treeview displays nodes as row entries in the widget. Each entry has a text label and icon. When a node has children, its entry is drawn with a small button to the left of the label. Clicking the mouse over this button opens or closes the node. When a node is open, its children are exposed. When it is closed, the children and their descedants are hidden. The button is normally a + or - symbol (ala Windows Explorer), but can be replaced with a pair of Tk images (open and closed images).

If the node has data associated with it, they can be displayed in columns running vertically on either side the tree. You can control the color, font, etc of each entry. Any entry label or data field can be edited in-place.

IDS AND TAGS

Nodes can be inserted into a tree using the treeview widget

  blt::treeview .t


  set node [.t insert end "one"]

or tree command.

 set tree [blt::tree create]


 set node [$tree insert root -label "one"]


 blt::treeview .t -tree $tree

In both cases, a number identifying the node is returned (the value of $node). This serial number or id uniquely identifies the node. Please note that you can't infer a location or position of a node from its id. The only exception is that the root node is always id 0. Since nodes may have the same labels or be moved within the tree, ids provide an convenient way to identify nodes. If a tree is shared, the ids will be the same regardless if you are using by the treeview widget or the tree command. Ids are recycled only when all nodes are deleted.

A node may also have any number of tags associated with it. A tag is just a string of characters, and it may take any form except that of an integer. For example, "x123" is valid, but "123" isn't. The same tag may be associated with many different nodes. This is typically done to associate a group of nodes. Many operations in the treeview widget take either node ids or tag names as arguments. Using a tag means apply the operation to all nodes with that tag.

Commands that take a tagnode will also accept a list of zero or more integer node numbers (node-list). A node-list consist of space separated integers, without leading spaces. Node lists can simplify the use of iterating commands and are used widely in the tree command.

There are four built-in or psuedo tags:

Tags are shared between clients. This means for example that tags created by the tree command are available in the treeview widget.

SPECIAL NODE IDS

There are several special non-numeric ids. Special ids differ from tags in that they are always translated to a single numeric node. They also take precedence over tags. For example, you can't use a tag name that is a special id. These ids are specific to the treeview widget.

active

The node where the mouse pointer is currently located. When a node is active, it is drawn using its active icon (see the -activeicon option). The active id is changed automatically by moving the mouse pointer over another node or by using the entry activate operation. Note that there can be only one active node at a time.

anchor

The node representing the fixed end of the current selection. The anchor is set by the selection anchor operation.

bottom

The last viewable node.

current

The node where the mouse pointer is currently located. But unlike active, this id changes while the selection is dragged. It is used to determine the current node during button drags.

down

The next open node from the current focus. The down of the last open node is the same.

end

The last node at depth 1 in tree.

focus

The node that currently has focus. When a node has focus, it receives key events. To indicate focus, the node is drawn with a dotted line around its label. You can change the focus using the focus operation.

last

Same as tail.

mark

The node representing the non-fixed end of the current selection. The mark is set by the selection mark operation.

next

The next open node from the current focus. But unlike down, when the focus is on last open node, next wraps around to the root node.

nextsibling

The next sibling from the node with the current focus. If the node is already the last sibling then it is the nextsibling.

parent

The parent of the node with the current focus. The parent of the root is also the root.

prev

The last open node from the current focus. But unlike up, when the focus is at root, last wraps around to the last open node in the tree.

prevsibling

The previous sibling from the node with the current focus. If the node is already the first sibling then it is the prevsibling.

root

The root node. You can also use id 0 to indicate the root.

tail

The last node in the tree, viewable or not.

top

The first node.

up

The last open node (in depth-first order) from the current focus. The up of the root node (i.e. the root has focus) is also the root.

view.top

First node that's current visible in the widget.

view.bottom

Last node that's current visible in the widget.

@x,y

Indicates the node that covers the point in the treeview window specified by x and y (in pixel coordinates). If no part of the entryd covers that point, then the closest node to that point is used.

ID->LABEL->LABEL...

Lookup via node labels, eg. 0->Main->Users. Quotes can be used around labels that use reserved words or contain spaces, eg. 0->"Main"->'User Groups'. See the tree man page for more details.

A node may be specified as an id or tag. If the specifier is an integer then it is assumed to refer to the single node with that id. If the specifier is not an integer, it's checked to see if it's a special id (such as focus). Otherwise, it's assumed to be tag. Some operations only operate on a single node at a time; if a tag refers to more than one node, then an error is generated.

DATA FIELDS

Nodes in treeview can manage data fields associated with columns. Data is displayed in columns running on either side of the displayed tree. Any node that doesn't have a specific field will show as blank. Columns can (interactively) be resized, hidden, and, moved.

Nodes can contain disjoint data fields (they aren't required to set all fields). And data manipulated via the tree command does not require an associated treeview column at all.

ARRAY REFERENCES

Like tree, treeview supports accessing data sub-fields with an array notation, eg.

 treeview .t


 .t col insert end A


 .t insert end a -data {A "x 1 y 2 z 3"}


 .t entry incr  root->a A(x)


 .t entry set   root->a A(w) 0


 .t entry unset root->a A(z)

Only the following treeview commmands support the array notation: entry get, entry set, entry incr, entry unset, and find -column. See tree for more complete support.

ENTRY BINDINGS

You can bind Tcl commands to be invoked when events occur on nodes (much like Tk canvas items). You can bind a node using its id or its bindtags. Bindtags are simply names that associate a binding with one or more nodes. There is a built-in tag all that all node entries automatically have.

TREEVIEW OPERATIONS

The treeview operations are the invoked by specifying the widget's pathname, the operation, and any arguments that pertain to that operation. The general form is:

pathName operation ?arg arg ...?

Operation and the args determine the exact behavior of the command. The following operation are available for treeview widgets:

pathName bbox ?-screen? tagOrId...

Returns a list of 4 numbers, representing a bounding box of around the specified entries. The entries is given by one or more tagOrId arguments. If the -screen flag is given, then the x-y coordinates of the bounding box are returned as screen coordinates, not virtual coordinates. Virtual coordinates start from 0 from the root node and include the title. If the -world flag is given, then the y coordinate the title height is added in. The returned list contains the following values.

pathName bind tagName ?sequence command?

Associates command with tagName such that whenever the event sequence given by sequence occurs for a node with this tag, command will be invoked. The syntax is similar to the bind command except that it operates on treeview entries, rather than widgets. The tagName can be an entry or tag, or predefined tags such as all, Entry or Button. See the bind manual entry for complete details on sequence and the substitutions performed on command before invoking it.

If all arguments are specified then a new binding is created, replacing any existing binding for the same sequence and tagName. If the first character of command is + then command augments an existing binding rather than replacing it. If no command argument is provided then the command currently associated with tagName and sequence (it's an error occurs if there's no such binding) is returned. If both command and sequence are missing then a list of all the event sequences for which bindings have been defined for tagName.

pathName button operation ?args?

This command is used to control the button selectors within a treeview widget. It has several forms, depending on operation:

pathName cget option

Returns the current value of the configuration option given by option. Option may have any of the values accepted by the configure operation described below.

pathName close ?-recurse? ?-trees? tagOrId...

Closes the node specified by tagOrId. In addition, if a Tcl script was specified by the -closecommand option, it is invoked. If the node is already closed, this command has no effect. If the -recurse flag is present, each child node is recursively closed. The -trees flag is like -recurse but operates only on nodes with children, excluding the root.

pathName column operation ?args?

The following operations are available for treeview columns.

pathName configure ?option? ?value option value ...?

Query or modify the configuration options of the widget. If no option is specified, returns a list describing all of the available options for pathName (see Tk_ConfigureInfo for information on the format of this list). If option is specified with no value, then the command returns a list describing the one named option (this list will be identical to the corresponding sublist of the value returned if no option is specified). If one or more option-value pairs are specified, then the command modifies the given widget option(s) to have the given value(s); in this case the command returns an empty string. Option and value are described in the section TREEVIEW OPTIONS below.

pathName curselection

Returns a list containing the ids of all of the entries that are currently selected. If there are no entries selected, then the empty string is returned.

pathName delete tagnode...

Deletes one or more entries given by tagnode and its children.

pathName edit ?-test? ?-root? ?-noscroll? ?-scroll? ?X Y?

Handle cell editing. The x,y coordinates are usually required, except when using the scroll options.

pathName entry operation ?args?

The following operations are available for treeview entries.

pathName find ?flags? first last

Finds for all entries matching the criteria given by flags. A list of ids for all matching nodes is returned. First and last are ids designating the range of the search in depth-first order. If last is before first, then nodes are searched in reverse order. The valid flags are:

pathName focus ?tagOrId?

Get or set the focus to the node given by tagOrId. When a node has focus, it can receive keyboard events. The special id focus designates the node that currently has focus.

pathName get ?-full? ?-labels? tagnode tagnode...

Translates one or more ids to their node entry names. It returns a list of names for all the ids specified. If the -full flag is set, then the full pathnames are returned. If the -labels flag is set, then the full pathnames using labels are returned.

Note: Except when a called with a single node id (ie. an integer), the result will be a list (or list of lists when -separator isn't set).

pathName hide ?flags? tagOrId...

Hides all nodes matching the criteria given by flags. If no tagOrId are given, traverses entire tree. The valid flags are described below:

pathName index ?-at tagOrId? ?-path? ?-quiet? string

Returns the id of the node specified by string. String may be a tag or node id. Some special ids are normally relative to the node that has focus but the -at option can be used to change this. The -path flag does a lookup using String as a path relative the tree root (unless the -at option is given). The the -quiet flag is given, lookup failures quietly return the empty string.

pathName insert position ?path? ?path? ... ?options...?

Inserts one or more nodes at child position (a number or end) in the parent node. The parent node is either root or the value given by -at. The returned value is list of ids for the new entries. Only the first path may start with a dash.

Path is the pathname of the new node. By default, pathnames are a Tcl list (each element is a path component) however the -separator option can be used to change this. Pathnames are normally relative to the root, but the -at switch lets you select a different parent node. If path is ommitted, it defaults to #auto. A path name of #auto will generate a name. This attempts to use the tree node name as the path name.

If the last component of a path name ends in #auto, the path is generated using the string prefix (before #auto) followed by a sequential number unique within the parent, eg. .t insert end {users u#auto}.

Note that all ancestors of the new node must already exist, unless the -autocreate option is set. It is also an error if a node already exists, unless the -allowduplicates option is set.

For large flat trees setting -allowduplicates to true can greatly speedup loading #auto as it avoids checking overhead. This is the fastest way to bulk load large numbers of nodes (next to using -tree).

The option arguments may be any of the values accepted by entry configure as described in the ENTRY OPTIONS section below, or any unabbreviated insert-option. Note that for multi-node inserts insert-options will apply to all following nodes, and only the first path can start with a dash.

The valid insert-options are:

pathName move tagnode how destId

Moves the node(s) given by tagnode to the destination node. The node can not be an ancestor of the destination. DestId is the id of the destination node and can not be the root of the tree. In conjunction with how, it describes how the move is performed.

pathName nearest ?-root? ?-strict? x y ?varName?

Returns the id of the node entry closest to the given X-Y screen coordinate. If the coordinate is not directly over any node, then the nearest node is returned. If the argument varName is present, this is a Tcl variable that is set to either button, icon, label, title, titlelabel, titleicon, datalabel, dataicon, or "" depending what part of the entry the coordinate lies. The -root option subtracts the windows root from the coordinates. The -strict option fails the match if not directly over a node, eg. in the title or past end of last row.

pathName open ?-recurse? ?-parent? ?-trees? tagnode...

Opens the one or more nodes specified by tagnode. If a node is not already open, the Tcl script specified by the -opencommand option is invoked. If the -recurse flag is present, then each descendant is recursively opened. The -trees flag is like -recurse but operates only on nodes with children. The -parent flag ensures visibility by opening all parent nodes.

pathName range ?-open? first last

Returns the ids in depth-first order of the nodes between the first and last ids. If the -open flag is present, it indicates to consider only open nodes. If last is before first, then the ids are returned in reverse order.

pathName scan option args

This command implements scanning. It has two forms, depending on option:

pathName see ?-anchor anchor? tagOrId

Adjusts the view of entries so that the node given by tagOrId is visible in the widget window. It is an error if tagOrId is a tag that refers to more than one node. The node's position on the screen can be set using the -anchor flag. Its value is w, but can be any one of the Tk anchor positions.

pathName selection option arg

This command is used to adjust the selection within a treeview widget. It has several forms, depending on option:

pathName show ?flags? tagOrId...

Un-hide nodes matching the criteria given by flags. If no tagOrId are given, traverses entire tree. The flags are the same as for the hide command.

pathName sort ?operation? args...

pathName style operation ?args?

Styles control how data is to be rendered by the widget. They are created with the create subcommands (described below) A default style name text is builtin. It is of type textbox and is used as the default style for columns. Styles may also be applied to entries, individual cells or widget options. For example, the -altstyle option applies a style to every second visible row entry while the -levelstyles option can specify a different style for each node level.

The following operations are available for treeview styles.

pathName tag operation args

Tags are a general means of selecting and marking nodes in the tree. A tag is just a string of characters, and it may take any form except that of an integer. The same tag may be associated with many different nodes.

Both operation and its arguments determine the exact behavior of the command. The operations available for tags are listed below.

pathName toggle tagnode

Opens or closes the node given by tagOrId. If the corresponding -opencommand or -closecommand option is set, then that command is also invoked.

pathName xview args

This command is used to query and change the horizontal position of the information in the widget's window. It can take any of the following forms:

pathName yview ?args?

This command is used to query and change the vertical position of the text in the widget's window. It can take any of the following forms:

TREEVIEW EDITING

A column of data is editable when its -edit option is set to True For column 0, edit changes an entries -label option. For all other columns, edit will update the -data fields. Tree data traces can also be used for edit control. Most of the following applies to textbox styles. However, combobox and checkbox also generate <<TreeViewEditStart/End>> events while barbox and windowbox are not editable.

Text editing is aborted with <Escape> and finished with <Return>. A newline may be inserted with a <Control-r>. Native Tk widgets are now used for builtin editing, using the path $w.edit. By default an entry widget will be used, however, column editing options can be changed via -editopts and -validatecmd. Moreover, columns with a combobox style can provide popup list of options in a listbox using the following style options: -choices, -choicecmd, -choicekey, -choiceicons Two virtual events can be used to gain control the during edit: <<TreeViewEditStart>> and <<TreeViewEditEnd>>. The column index is passed in %x, and the entry-row index is passed in %y. eg.

treeview .t
bind .t <<TreeViewEditStart>> {EditStart %W %x %y}
bind .t <<TreeViewEditEnd>> {EditEnd %W %x %y}

These gain control at the start and end of editing respectively, and are general alternatives to -editopts -startcmd and -endcmd. For further details see blt::tv::EditCell in $blt_library/treeview.tcl.

TREEVIEW OPTIONS

In addition to the configure operation, widget configuration options may also be set by the Tk option command. The class resource name is TreeView.

option add *TreeView.Foreground white
option add *TreeView.Background blue

The following widget options are available:

-activeicons images

Specifies images to be displayed for an entry's icon when it is active. Images is a list of two Tk images: the first image is displayed when the node is open, the second when it is closed.

-activeleaficons images

Specifies images to be displayed for an leaf entry's icon when it is active. Images is a list of two Tk images: the first image is displayed when the node is open, the second when it is closed.

-allowduplicates boolean

If boolean is true, allow nodes with duplicate pathnames when inserting new nodes. Otherwise flag an error. The default is no.

-altstyle stylename

Set a style to use on every other row. This provides a simple way to implement alternating row colors without explicitly setting entry options. Note -altstyle has limitations. Mostly it is used for setting the background, foreground and tile. Currently the font will not be used in height sizing, and the icon is ignored.

-autocreate boolean

If boolean is true, automatically create missing ancestor nodes when inserting new nodes. Otherwise flag an error. The default is no.

-background color

Sets the background color of the widget. The default is white.

-borderwidth pixels

Sets the width of the 3-D border around the outside edge of the widget. The -relief option determines if the border is to be drawn. The default is 2.

-button string

Indicates whether a entries should display button. If set to anything other than the default of auto, buttons will not be displayed.

-closecommand string

Specifies a Tcl script to be invoked when a node is closed. You can overrider this for individual entries using the entry's -closecommand option. The default is "". Percent substitutions are performed on string before it is executed. The following substitutions are valid:

-columnshowhighlight bool

Enable display highlight color when column activated. Default is false.

-cursor cursor

Specifies the widget's cursor. The default cursor is "".

-dashes number

Sets the dash style of the horizontal and vertical lines drawn connecting entries. Number is the length in pixels of the dashes and gaps in the line. If number is 0, solid lines will be drawn. The default is 1 (dotted).

-emptystyle stylename

Set a style to be used for empty cells.

-entryshowhighlight bool

Enable display highlight color when entry activated. Default is false.

-exportselection boolean

Indicates if the selection is exported. If the widget is exporting its selection then it will observe the standard X11 protocols for handling the selection. Selections are available as type STRING; the value of the selection will be the label of the selected nodes, separated by newlines. The default is no.

-fillnull boolean

Indicates that empty data columns are to be drawn anyways, and to apply the -nullstyle if defined. Turning this off will leave unsightly gaps where attributes (eg. background and underline) were normally expected to be displayed. The default is yes.

-flat boolean

Indicates whether to display the tree as a flattened list. If boolean is true, then the hierarchy will be a list of full paths for the nodes. Hide and show are not supported in flat mode. This option also has affect on sorting. See the sort command for more information. The default is no.

-focusdashes dashList

Sets the dash style of the outline rectangle drawn around the entry label of the node that current has focus. Number is the length in pixels of the dashes and gaps in the line. If number is 0, a solid line will be drawn. The default is 1.

-focusforeground color

Sets the color of the focus rectangle. The default is black.

-focusheight value

Set the height in pixels to reserve for focus highlighting above and below the line. The default is 1, but setting this to 0 will result in a more compact display.

-font fontName

Specifies the font to use for text. The default is TkDefaultFont.

-foreground color

Sets the text color of entry labels. You can override this for individual entries with the entry's -foreground configuration option. The default is black.

-height pixels

Specifies the requested height of widget. The default is 400.

-formatcmd scriptcmd

Command called to format the displayed data value. Percent substitutions are performed on scriptcmd as per find -exec. The called command returns the value to be displayed. This may be overridden by column or style -formatcmd. For the tree column, has no effect when using -showfull with -flat.

-hidedataicons boolean

If boolean is true, it indicates that data column icons (set via styles) should not be displayed. The default is no.

-hidedatatext boolean

If boolean is true, it indicates that that data column text should not be displayed. The default is no.

-hideicons boolean

If boolean is true, it indicates that tree column icons should not be displayed. The default is no.

-hideleaves boolean

If boolean is true, it indicates that no leaves should be displayed. The default is no.

-hideroot boolean

If boolean is true, it indicates that no entry for the root node should be displayed. The default is no.

-highlightbackground color

Specifies the normal color of the traversal highlight region when the widget does not have the input focus.

-highlightcolor color

Specifies the color of the traversal highlight rectangle when the widget has the input focus. The default is black.

-highlightthickness pixels

Specifies the width of the highlight rectangle indicating when the widget has input focus. The value may have any of the forms acceptable to Tk_GetPixels. If the value is zero, no focus highlight will be displayed. The default is 2.

-icons images

Specifies images for the entry's icon. Images is a list of two Tk images: the first image is displayed when the node is open, the second when it is closed.

-imagecmd scriptcmd

Specifies a command to call the first time an image is displayed for any image used in the -images, -*icon, and -*icons options. Percent substitutions is performed on scriptcmd as per find -exec, with the image name being used as the value (%V). The called command can either modify the image or set a new icon.

The main use of -imagecmd is to perform image loading on demand as they become visible for the first time. To use it, an icon option must be set with a placeholder image. When this becomes visible the first time, the callback will replaces it with a real image. The callback may also add tags, styles or even dynamically load data, eg.

  proc ICMD {w id col img} {


    $w entry conf $id -icon blt::tv::normalFile


    #$img conf -file [GetFile $id $col]


    $w tag add addimg $id


  }


  pack [treeview .t -imagecmd {ICMD %W %# %C %V}]


  foreach i {A B C} {


    .t insert end  $i -icons [image create photo]


  }

-inlinedata bool

Enables that data column values that start with a @ and are a list of length 2, are to be interpreted as an inline style or image name. If value is the name of an image, a style is created using the name of image with -icon set to that image. A style is applied to the cell in the manner of style set. Default is true.

-insertfirstnum

Upon inserts use forward search of tree label for num elements, then fall back to a reverse search. The default is 1, which provides for very fast insertions at the begining or near the end of really long trees. Set to -1 for forward search only, for example, if using -allowduplicates.

-leaficons images

Specifies images for a leaf entry's icons. Images is a list of two Tk images: the first image is displayed when the node is open, the second when it is closed.

-levelpad pixels

Indentation to add when displaying sub-tree levels.

-levelstyles stylenames

Set a list of styles to use for entries at a given level. The first style is used for entries at level 1, the second for level 2, etc. This provides a simple way to specify colors for entries at a given level without explicitly setting entry options.

-linecolor color

Sets the color of the connecting lines drawn between entries. The default is black.

-linespacing pixels

Sets the number of pixels spacing between entries. The default is 0.

-linewidth pixels

Set the width of the lines drawn connecting entries. If pixels is 0, no vertical or horizontal lines are drawn. The default is 1.

-minheight pixels

Set the minimum height for entries. Default is 0.

-nextautonum

For inserts at the root node, the start number for the next #auto insert. This is automatically incremented at each insert which speeds up bulk #auto inserts.

-nextsubautonum

For inserts not into the root node, the number the next child #auto insert starts it's search from. The default is 1.

-newtags boolean

If boolean is true, when sharing a tree object (see the -tree option), don't share its tags too. The default is 0.

-noautocloseleaf boolean

If boolean is true, then opening a leaf node will leave it in open mode. The default is false, which automatically sets the mode of a leaf node back to closed without invoking -closecommand.

-nofocusselectbackground color

Background select color when focus lost.

-nofocusselectforeground color

Foreground select color when focus lost.

-openanchor string

When a node with children is opened, defines the -anchor used to the see sub-command. Must be one of: n c s. The default is c.

-opencommand string

Specifies a Tcl script to be invoked when a node is open. You can override this for individual entries with the entry's -opencommand configuration option. The default is "". Percent substitutions are performed on string before it is executed. The following substitutions are valid:

-padx pixels

Set the padding on left and right of widget.

-pady pixels

Set the padding on top and bottom of widget.

-relief relief

Specifies the 3-D effect for the widget. Relief specifies how the treeview widget should appear relative to widget it is packed into; for example, raised means the treeview widget should appear to protrude. The default is sunken.

-resizecursor string

Cursor to use on resize.

-rootnode num

Specifiy the node number that is to be the root. This allows a subtree to appear as the root. Multiple treeviews may share a tree with different root nodes, and thus supporting subviews. Default is 0.

-scrollmode mode

Specifies the style of scrolling to be used. There are three different modes of scrolling: listbox, canvas, and hierbox. In listbox mode, the last entry can always be scrolled to the top of the widget. In hierbox mode, the last entry is always drawn at the bottom of the widget. The default is hierbox.

-scrolltile bool

Specifies if tiling should scroll with widget. The default is false.

-selectbackground color

Sets the background color selected node entries. The default is #ffffea.

-selectborderwidth pixels

Sets the width of the raised 3-D border drawn around the labels of selected entries. The default is 0.

-selectcommand string

Specifies a Tcl script to invoked when the set of selected nodes changes. The default is "".

-selectforeground color

Sets the color of the labels of selected node entries while the widget has focus. The default is black.

-selectmode mode

Specifies the selection mode. If mode is single, only one node can be selected at a time. If multiple more than one node can be selected. If none no selection is displayed. If cell or multicell then selection is for cells rather than whole nodes (rows). The default is single.

-selectrelief relief

Specifies the 3-D effect of the selected text in the edit window. Relief indicates how the text should appear relative to the edit window; for example, raised means the text should appear to protrude. The default is flat.

-selecttile image

Set a tile background image to use for selection.

-separator string

Specifies the character sequence to use when splitting the path components. The separator may be several characters wide (such as "::") Consecutive separators in a pathname are treated as one. If string is the empty string, the pathnames are Tcl lists. If string is the none, no splitting will is done. Each element is a path component. The default is "".

-showfull boolean

Show full path name when in -flat mode. The default is true.

-showtitles boolean

If boolean is false, column titles are not be displayed. The default is yes.

-sortselection boolean

If boolean is true, nodes in the selection are ordered as they are currently displayed (depth-first or sorted), not in the order they were selected. The default is no.

-stylecommand string

Specifies a Tcl command to handle references to unknown styles. The call performs the same substitutions as the -exec option in the find command, except string is used for %V. The called command is expected to create the style. The default values is "%W style create textbox %V".

Dynamic creation is performed for any style used in the configure subcommands. It also handles inline data of the form for the image passed after the @ sign (see the -inlinedata option).

-substyle stylename

Set a style for use with the -sublabel. Note: you can hide all sublabels by using a style with the -hide option set.

-takefocus focus

Provides information used when moving the focus from window to window via keyboard traversal (e.g., Tab and Shift-Tab). If focus is 0, this means that this window should be skipped entirely during keyboard traversal. 1 means that the this window should always receive the input focus. An empty value means that the traversal scripts make the decision whether to focus on the window. The default is "1".

-tile image

Set background tile image.

-titlefont font

Font to use for titles.

-titlepad N

Pad to add above and below title.

-tree tree

Use an externally created data tree object. Using a tree command facilitates data access, tracing, and loading/saving. eg.

  set t [tree create]


  set n 0


  while {[incr n]<30000} {


     $t insert end -data {A 0 B 0}


  }


  pack [treeview .tv -tree $t]


  .tv column insert end A B

-trim string

Specifies a string leading characters to trim from entry pathnames before parsing. This only makes sense if the -separator is also set. The default is "".

-underline height

Draw an underline of the given height below each entry across its entire width. Use in conjunction with column reliefs this provides a grid like effect. The default height is 0.

-width pixels

Sets the requested width of the widget. If pixels is 0, then the with is computed from the contents of the treeview widget. The default is 200.

-xscrollcommand string

Specifies the prefix for a command used to communicate with horizontal scrollbars. Whenever the horizontal view in the widget's window changes, the widget will generate a Tcl command by concatenating the scroll command and two numbers. If this option is not specified, then no command will be executed.

-xscrollincrement pixels

Sets the horizontal scrolling distance. The default is 20 pixels.

-yscrollcommand string

Specifies the prefix for a command used to communicate with vertical scrollbars. Whenever the vertical view in the widget's window changes, the widget will generate a Tcl command by concatenating the scroll command and two numbers. If this option is not specified, then no command will be executed.

-yscrollincrement pixels

Sets the vertical scrolling distance. The default is 20 pixels.

ENTRY OPTIONS

Many widget configuration options have counterparts in entries. For example, there is a -closecommand configuration option for both widget itself and for individual entries. Options set at the widget level are global for all entries. If the entry configuration option is set, then it overrides the widget option. This is done to avoid wasting memory by replicated options. Most entries will have redundant options.

There is no resource class or name for entries.

-activeicons images

Specifies images to be displayed as the entry's icon when it is active. This overrides the global -activeicons configuration option for the specific entry. Images is a list of two Tk images: the first image is displayed when the node is open, the second when it is closed.

-bindtags tagList

Specifies the binding tags for nodes. TagList is a list of binding tag names. The tags and their order will determine how events are handled for nodes. Each tag in the list matching the current event sequence will have its Tcl command executed. The default value is all.

-button string

Indicates whether a button should be displayed on the left side of the node entry. String can be yes, no, or auto. If auto, then a button is automatically displayed if the node has children. This is the default.

-closecommand string

Specifies a Tcl script to be invoked when the node is closed. This overrides the global -closecommand option for this entry. The default is "". Percent substitutions are performed on string before it is executed. The following substitutions are valid:

-data list

Initializes or change data fields for the node. List is a list of name-value pairs to be set. Note, this can not be used to unset or forget values for columns, meaning an empty list does nothing. For unsetting use entry unset. The default is "".

-font fontName

Sets the font for entry row text. This overrides the widget's -font option for this node.

-forcetree bool

Force node to be treated as a tree, even if it has no children. This differs from -button above in that all drawing and querying aspects of the node are treated as a tree. This option is useful primarily for deferring loading until a tree is opened. The default is false.

-foreground color

Sets the text color of the entry label. This overrides the widget's -foreground configuration option. The default is "".

-height num

Set height for entry.

-hide bool

Hide the entry.

-icons images

Specifies images to be displayed for the entry's icon. This overrides the global -icons configuration option. Images is a list of two Tk images: the first image is displayed when the node is open, the second when it is closed.

-isopen bool

Specify if the entries is in the open state. The default is false.

-label string

Sets the text for the entry's displayed label. If set to "", the label of the tree node is displayed The default is "" (see entry relabel).

-opencommand string

Specifies a Tcl script to be invoked when the entry is opened. This overrides the widget's -opencommand option for this node. The default is "". Percent substitutions are performed on string before it is executed. The following substitutions are valid:

-shadow color

Set shadow color for text.

-state value

Set the state of the entry where value is one of: normal, active, disabled. The default state is normal. When the state is set to disabled, the text color displays using -disabledforeground and the node ignores any attempted open or close.

-style stylename

Set the style to use for the entry. This will override the column style, just as style set will override an entry style. This is useful mostly for seting bg/fg/font for a row. Other options may or may not do nothing. Note, setting icon in a style will apply to all value columns, but not the tree column.

-sublabel string

Sets the text for the entry's sub-label to be displayed to the right of the nodes -label value. This is rendered using the -substyle style.

-underline num

Character to underline in an entries text label. Default is -1.

-userdata list

Extra space available for storing user data.

BUTTON OPTIONS

Button configuration options may also be set by the option command. The resource subclass is Button. The resource name is always button.

option add *TreeView.Button.Foreground white
option add *TreeView.button.Background blue

The following are the configuration options available for buttons.

-activebackground color

Sets the background color of active buttons. A button is made active when the mouse passes over it or by the button activate operation.

-activeforeground color

Sets the foreground color of active buttons. A button is made active when the mouse passes over it or by the button activate operation.

-activeimages images

Specify images to use for active buttons.

-background color

Sets the background of the button. The default is white.

-borderwidth pixels

Sets the width of the 3-D border around the button. The -relief option determines if a border is to be drawn. The default is 1.

-closerelief relief

Specifies the 3-D effect for the closed button. Relief indicates how the button should appear relative to the widget; for example, raised means the button should appear to protrude. The default is solid.

-cursor cursor

Sets the widget's cursor. The default cursor is "".

-foreground color

Sets the foreground color of buttons. The default is black.

-images images

Specifies images to be displayed for the button. Images is a list of two Tk images: the first image is displayed when the button is open, the second when it is closed. If the images is the empty string, then a plus/minus gadget is drawn. The default is "".

-openrelief relief

Specifies the 3-D effect of the open button. Relief indicates how the button should appear relative to the widget; for example, raised means the button should appear to protrude. The default is flat.

-size pixels

Sets the requested size of the button. The default is 0.

STYLE OPTIONS

Five style types are available: textbox, combobox, checkbox, barbox, windowbox. Autocreated styles are by default of type textbox. A barbox provides progressbars for numeric cell values. The special style windowbox supports embedded subwindows within data cells.

The resource subclass is the name of the style, titlized, ie.

option add *TreeView.TextBoxStyle.tvBackground white
option add *TreeView.ComboBoxStyle.tvBackground green
option add *TreeView.CheckBoxStyle.tvBackground blue

A default textbox style text comes predefined and is set for each columns -style option. Styles may also be associated with entry-rows and/or cells, as follows:

treeview .t -width 300 -height 200
pack .t -fill both -expand y


 .t col insert end Size Age Weight


 .t style create combobox MyStyle0 -bg red


 .t style create textbox MyStyle1 -bg blue


 .t style create textbox MyStyle2 -bg green


 .t style create textbox MyStyle3 -bg orange


 .t col conf Size -style MyStyle0


 foreach i {Able Baker Charlie} {


  .t insert end $i -data {Size 1 Age 2 Weight 3}


 }


 .t entry conf 2 -style MyStyle2


 .t style set MyStyle3 Weight 3


 .t insert end Empty


 .t conf -emptystyle MyStyle1

See also the widget options -altstyle, -emptystyle and -levelstyles. The following are available for all but the windowbox type. Note, some of these options are utilized only in particular contexts:

-activebackground color

Specifies the active background color of a style. Alias is -activebg.

-activeforeground color

Specifies the active foreground color of a style. Alias is -activefg.

-background color

Background color override. Default is empty.

-cursor cursorname

Specifies the cursor of a style. This cursor for the widget when an element is activated.

-editopts values

Cell option name/value pairs for the builtin text edit facilty. These are appended to the columns -editopts. See column -editopts.

-font fontName

Sets the font for a style.

-foreground color

Specifies the foreground color of a style. Alias is -fg.

-gap N

Specifies the gap.

-hide bool

Values or subtext having a style with hide on are to be hidden. Columns and entries are unaffected.

-highlightbackground color

Specifies the highlight background color of a style. Alias is -highlightbg.

-highlightforeground color

Specifies the highlight foreground color of a style. Alias is -highlightfg.

-icon name

Specifies the icon.

-priority N

Specifies a priority for the style. Higher priorities are used for overriding bg/fg/font. The default 0.

-readonly bool

Disallow editing for a cell whose column has -edit set to true. The default is False.

-shadow shadow

Set shadow.

-tile img

Set tiling.

The following additional configuration options are available for textbox:

-formatcmd scriptcmd

Command called to format the displayed key-data value. Percent substitutions are performed on scriptcmd as per find -exec. The called command returns the value to be displayed.

-iconside N

Specifies which side of the text the icon is placed. Default is left.

-side N

Specifies which side of cell to anchor contents. Default is top.

The following additional configuration options are available for combobox:

-buttonicons icons

A pair of icons to use for the button icon. The second icon is drawn when style activate is used on a cell (managed automatically by the editing code).

-borderwidth pixel

Size of border.

-buttonborderwidth pixel

Size of buttons border

-buttonrelief relief

Relief of button.

-choicecmd cmd

Command called to get the list of choices for editing, after the following substitutions: %X %Y %C %# %W %%. Used by the library proc blt::tv::EditCell which implements builtin editing.

-choicekey key

Key field to in the current node to get the list of choices from.

-choices lst

A list of choices for editing.

The following additional configuration options are available for checkbox:

-boxcolor color

Color of box.

-boxsize num

Size of box.

-checkcolor color

Color of check.

-checkicons images

A pair of icons to use to represent the on/off state instead of drawing a checkbox.

-fillcolor color

Color of fill.

-halo num

Halo around checkbox in which to accept a click. If num is less than zero, accept a click anywhere in the cell. The default is 0.

-linewidth num

Line size.

-offvalue val

Value representing off.

-onvalue val

Value representing on.

-showvalue bool

Show value as well..

The following additional configuration options are available for barbox:

-barbg color

Color for the background of the bar. Default is the empty string.

-boxcolor color

Color of box around bar.

-barfg color

Color for the foreground of the bar. Default is green.

-barheight num

Height of bar. Default 10.

-barwidth num

Width of bar. Default 80.

-filltile tile

Image to tile-fill bar with.

-formatcmd scriptcmd

Command called to format the displayed value. Percent substitutions are performed on scriptcmd as per find -exec. The called command returns the value to be displayed.

-linewidth num

Width of border around the bar. Default is 1.

-maxvalue val

The maxiumum value. Default is 100.0.

-minvalue val

The miniumum value. Default is 0.0.

-showvalue bool

Show the numeric value.

Only the following configuration options are available with windowbox:

-minheight num

Minimum height of window. Window height will be taller if the the entry height is greater than num. Default is 0.

-minwidth num

Minimum width of window. Window width will be wider if the the column width is greater than num. Default is 0.

-sticky val

Stickiness of the window inside the cell, as defined by the grid command. The default value is w.

-windowcmd string

Command invoked to return window path. Percent substitutions are performed on string before it is executed. The following substitutions are valid:

COLUMN OPTIONS

Column configuration options may also be set by the option command. The resource subclass is Column. The resource name is the name of the column.

option add *TreeView.Column.Foreground white
option add *TreeView.treeView.Background blue

The following configuration options are available for columns.

-activetitlebackground color

Active title background color.

-activetitleforeground color

Active title foreground color.

-autowidth value

If the maximum width of a column exceeds the given value, then the column width uses this value instead -width. When value is zero or -width is non-zero, has no effect. Allows setting a default column width limit, while still permitting the user to manually resize larger (unlike -max). The default value is 0.

-background color

Sets the background color of the column. This overrides the widget's -background option. The default is white.

-bindtags string

Set binding tags for column.

-borderwidth pixels

Sets the width of the 3-D border of the column. The -relief option determines if a border is to be drawn. The default is 0.

-colorpattern patcolors

Alter foreground color based on a string match against the cell data value. Pattern/color pairs are specified in patcolors. If the pattern matches, then color becomes the foreground of the data cell. This provides a low-overhead way to display different colors depending only on the form of data.

-colorregexp patcolors

Does the same thing as -colorpattern, except uses regexp instead, and has a lower priority.

-command string

Set command for use by invoke. This is called everytime the column is selected. For example, sortable columns can be enabled by a setting this to {blt::tv::SortColumn %W %C}, or sort tree children of with {blt::tv::SortTree %W %C}. Note that SortColumn can temporarily change the treeview mode to -flat. The following substitutions are valid:

-edit num

Indicates if the column's data fields can be edited via the builtin editing facility. If num is True the data fields in the column can be edited. The default is False.

-editopts values

Sub-option pair settings for the builtin text edit facilty implemented by ::blt::tv::EditCol. Note, these are used only for cells with a style type of textbox and combobox. Following is partial documentation of the fBtextbox (or see ::blt::tv::EditCol $blt_library/treeview.tcl).

-font font

Sets the font for the column. Currently, should not be mixed this with and a -style a font for the column.

-foreground color

Sets the text color the column.

-fillcmd scriptcmd

Demand load data into unset values, just prior to display. The call occurs the first time each entry is displayed in the column. Only cells not having a value/label set are updated. Before calling, the id is appended. The new value should be returned. For tree columns the result is used to set the entry label, otherwise it sets a data cell value. If an error is raised, the value is set to the empty string.

Here is an example that loads a large tree. It demonstrates that only the first dozen or so are update initially, and more as you scroll. A practical example might load data from a database.

  set t [tree create]


  $t create -num 10000


  pack [treeview .t -tree $t]


  proc FillLabel {id} { puts "L$id"; return L$id }


  proc FillData {id} { return D$id }


  .t col conf #0 -fillcmd FillLabel


  .t col insert end A -fillcmd FillData

-hide boolean

If boolean is true, the column is not displayed. The default is no.

-justify justify

Specifies how the column data fields text should be justified within the column. This matters only when the column is wider than the data field to be display. Justify must be left, right, or center. The default is center.

-max size

Maximum size for column.

-min size

Minimum size for column.

-pad pad

Specifies how much padding for the left and right sides of the column. Pad is a list of one or two screen distances. If pad has two elements, the left side of the column is padded by the first distance and the right side by the second. If pad has just one distance, both the left and right sides are padded evenly. The default is 2.

-relief relief

Specifies the 3-D effect of the column. Relief specifies how the column should appear relative to the widget; for example, raised means the column should appear to protrude. The default is flat.

-ruledashes value

Set resize rule is dashed.

-scrolltile bool

Tile image scrolls.

-sortaltcolumns list

List of alternate columns sort can use when cell values are equal. It is an error to include the current or tree column.

-sortcommand script

Command to actually compare entries during sort.

-sortmode mode

Used by scripts to set -mode for sort command (eg. blt::tv::SortColumn).

-state state

Sets the state of the column. If state is disable then the column title can not be activated nor invoked. The default is normal.

-style stylename

Set the style to use for column.

-tile image

Image to tile column with.

-title string

Sets the title for the column. The default is "".

-titlearrow value

Forces an arrow to be drawn in the title. The value is one of: left right up down none and defaults to none. This is used when implementing custom sorts as the indicator.

-titlebackground color

Background for title.

-titleborderwidth size

Border size.

-titlefont font

Font for column title.

-titlejustify just

Side to place title.

-titleforeground color

Sets the foreground color of the column title. The default is black.

-titlerelief relief

Relief for title.

-titleshadow color

Sets the color of the drop shadow of the column title. The default is "".

-titlestyle style

A style to use for titles.

-width num

The user requested width for the column.

-underline num

Character to underline in column title text. Default is -1.

-validatecmd command

This option provides a command for validating or post processing edits from the builtin column edit feature (enabled with col conf -edit 1). If a percent is found, command substitution occurs, otherwise 5 arguments are appended: widget data olddata ind col. The called command should return newvalue, possibly with modifications. To revert to the original value, just return $oldvalue To continue editing, use return -code return

-weight float

Weighting to apply extra space.

-width pixels

Sets the requested width of the column. This overrides the computed with of the column. If pixels is 0, the width is computed as from the contents of the column. The default is 0.

EMBEDDED WINDOWS

Embedded windows is supported for columns or cells via the special style type windowbox. If -windowcmd is not being used, the cell data is assumed to contain the widget name, or tail part of a widget name. If the data does not provide a valid window it is silently ignored and nothing is displayed. If multiple cells try to display the same widget simultaneously, only the first one appears. The normal Tk slave window rules apply (ie. must be child of the parent).

OLD TEXT EDITING OPTIONS

SECTION OBSOLETE.

This section is obsolete and has been replaced with builtin editing using a Tk entry widget. See TREEVIEW EDITING above.

Text edit window configuration options may also be set by the Tk option command. The resource class is TreeViewEditor. The resource name is always edit.

option add *TreeViewEditor.Foreground white
option add *edit.Background blue

The following are the configuration options available for the text editing window.

-background color

Sets the background of the text edit window. The default is white.

-borderwidth pixels

Sets the width of the 3-D border around the edit window. The -relief option determines if a border is to be drawn. The default is 1.

-exportselection boolean

Indicates if the text selection is exported. If the edit window is exporting its selection then it will observe the standard X11 protocols for handling the selection. Selections are available as type STRING. The default is no.

-relief relief

Specifies the 3-D effect of the edit window. Relief indicates how the background should appear relative to the edit window; for example, raised means the background should appear to protrude. The default is solid.

-selectbackground color

Sets the background of the selected text in the edit window. The default is white.

-selectborderwidth pixels

Sets the width of the 3-D border around the selected text in the edit window. The -selectrelief option determines if a border is to be drawn. The default is 1.

-selectforeground color

Sets the foreground of the selected text in the edit window. The default is white.

-selectrelief relief

Specifies the 3-D effect of the selected text in the edit window. Relief indicates how the text should appear relative to the edit window; for example, raised means the text should appear to protrude. The default is flat.

DEFAULT BINDINGS

Tk automatically creates class bindings for treeviews that give them Motif-like behavior. Much of the behavior of a treeview widget is determined by its -selectmode option, which selects one of two ways of dealing with the selection.

If the selection mode is single, only one node can be selected at a time. Clicking button 1 on an node selects it and deselects any other selected item.

If the selection mode is multiple, any number of entries may be selected at once, including discontiguous ranges. Clicking Control-Button-1 on a node entry toggles its selection state without affecting any other entries. Pressing Shift-Button-1 on a node entry selects it, extends the selection.

[0]

The virtual event <<TreeViewFocusEvent>> is generated for each keyboard and mouse initiated change in focus. It is up to the user to determine if the focus actually changed.

[1]

In extended mode, the selected range can be adjusted by pressing button 1 with the Shift key down: this modifies the selection to consist of the entries between the anchor and the entry under the mouse, inclusive. The un-anchored end of this new selection can also be dragged with the button down.

[2]

In extended mode, pressing button 1 with the Control key down starts a toggle operation: the anchor is set to the entry under the mouse, and its selection state is reversed. The selection state of other entries isn't changed. If the mouse is dragged with button 1 down, then the selection state of all entries between the anchor and the entry under the mouse is set to match that of the anchor entry; the selection state of all other entries remains what it was before the toggle operation began.

[3]

If the mouse leaves the treeview window with button 1 down, the window scrolls away from the mouse, making information visible that used to be off-screen on the side of the mouse. The scrolling continues until the mouse re-enters the window, the button is released, or the end of the hierarchy is reached.

[4]

Mouse button 2 may be used for scanning. If it is pressed and dragged over the treeview widget, the contents of the hierarchy drag at high speed in the direction the mouse moves.

[5]

If the Up or Down key is pressed, the location cursor (active entry) moves up or down one entry, as does Control-p and Control-n. If the selection mode is browse or extended then the new active entry is also selected and all other entries are deselected. In extended mode the new active entry becomes the selection anchor.

[6]

In extended mode, Shift-Up and Shift-Down move the location cursor (active entry) up or down one entry and also extend the selection to that entry in a fashion similar to dragging with mouse button 1.

[7]

The Left and Right keys scroll the treeview widget view left and right by the width of the character 0. Control-Left and Control-Right scroll the treeview widget view left and right by the width of the window.

[8]

The Prior and Next keys scroll the treeview widget view up and down by one page (the height of the window), as does Control-u and Control-d.

[9]

The Home and End keys scroll the treeview widget horizontally to the left and right edges, respectively.

[10]

Control-Home sets the location cursor to the first entry, selects that entry, and deselects everything else in the widget.

[11]

Control-End sets the location cursor to the last entry, selects that entry, and deselects everything else in the widget.

[12]

In extended mode, Control-Shift-Home extends the selection to the first entry and Control-Shift-End extends the selection to the last entry.

[13]

In multiple mode, Control-Shift-Home moves the location cursor to the first entry and Control-Shift-End moves the location cursor to the last entry.

[14]

The space and Select keys make a selection at the location cursor (active entry) just as if mouse button 1 had been pressed over this entry.

[15]

In extended mode, Control-Shift-space and Shift-Select extend the selection to the active entry just as if button 1 had been pressed with the Shift key down.

[16]

In extended mode, the Escape key cancels the most recent selection and restores all the entries in the selected range to their previous selection state.

[17]

Control-slash selects everything in the widget, except in single and browse modes, in which case it selects the active entry and deselects everything else.

[18]

Control-backslash deselects everything in the widget, except in browse mode where it has no effect.

[19]

The F16 key (labelled Copy on many Sun workstations) or Meta-w copies the selection in the widget to the clipboard, if there is a selection.

The behavior of treeview widgets can be changed by defining new bindings for individual widgets or by redefining the class bindings.

QUICKSTART

TreeFill is a utility function to simplify tree data loading from a human-readable string. The string uses line indentation to indicate tree depth. The indentation is in multiples of 4 spaces, relative to the first line. eg.

 pack [treeview .t]


 .t column insert end X Y Z


 blt::tv::TreeFill .t {


     A 1 2 3


     B 4 5 6


         x 7 8 9


         y 10 11 12


             a 1 2 "Level a"


             b 1 2 "Level b"


     C 1 2 3


 }


 .t open -trees all


 .t entry conf 0->B->y->a -state disabled

Any column names not defined are generated. To load a table instead of a tree, simply set the -flat option first. eg.

 pack [treeview .t -flat 1]


 .t column conf #0 -hide 1


 .t column insert end Name Age Sex


 blt::tv::TreeFill .t {


     "Tom Brown" 9 M


     "Mike Small" 8 M


     "Tina Baker" 7 F


 }

EXAMPLE

The treeview command creates a new widget.

treeview .t -bg white

A new Tcl command .t is also created. This command can be used to query and modify the treeview widget. For example, to change the background color of the table to "green", you use the new command and the widget's configure operation.

# Change the background color.
.t configure -background "green"

By default, the treeview widget will automatically create a new tree object to contain the data. The name of the new tree is the pathname of the widget. Above, the new tree object name is ".t". But you can use the -tree option to specify the name of another tree.

# View the tree "myTree".
.t configure -tree "myTree"

When a new tree is created, it contains only a root node. The node is automatically opened. The id of the root node is always 0 (you can use also use the special id root). The insert operation lets you insert one or more new entries into the tree. The last argument is the node's pathname.

# Create a new entry named "myEntry"
set id [.t insert end "myEntry"]

This appends a new node named "myEntry". It will positioned as the last child of the root of the tree (using the position "end"). You can supply another position to order the node within its siblings.

# Prepend "fred".
set id [.t insert 0 "fred"]

Entry names do not need to be unique. By default, the node's label is its name. To supply a different text label, add the -label option.

# Create a new node named "fred"
set id [.t insert end "fred" -label "Fred Flintstone"]

The insert operation returns the id of the new node. You can also use the index operation to get this information.

# Get the id of "fred"
.t index "fred"

To insert a node somewhere other than root, use the -at switch. It takes the id of the node where the new child will be added.

# Create a new node "barney" in "fred".
.t insert end "barney" -at $id

A pathname describes the path to an entry in the hierarchy. It's a list of entry names that compose the path in the tree. Therefore, you can also add "barney" to "fred" as follows.

# Create a new sub-entry of "fred"
.t insert end "fred barney" 

Every name in the list is ancestor of the next. All ancestors must already exist. That means that an entry "fred" is an ancestor of "barney" and must already exist. But you can use the -autocreate configuration option to force the creation of ancestor nodes.

# Force the creation of ancestors.
.t configure -autocreate yes 
.t insert end "fred barney wilma betty" 

Sometimes the pathname is already separated by a character sequence rather than formed as a list. A file name is a good example of this. You can use the -separator option to specify a separator string to split the path into its components. Each pathname inserted is automatically split using the separator string as a separator. Multiple separators are treated as one.

.t configure -separator /
.t insert end "/usr/local/tcl/bin" 

If the path is prefixed by extraneous characters, you can automatically trim it off using the -trim option. It removed the string from the path before it is parsed.

.t configure -trim C:/windows -separator /
.t insert end "C:/window/system" 

You can delete entries with the delete operation. It takes one or more tags of ids as its argument. It deletes the entry and all its children.

.t delete $id

Entries have several configuration options. They control the appearance of the entry's icon and label. We have already seen the -label option that sets the entry's text label. The entry configure operation lets you set or modify an entry's configuration options.

.t entry configure $id -color red -font fixed

You can hide an entry and its children using the -hide option.

.t entry configure $id -hide yes

More that one entry can be configured at once. All entries specified are configured with the same options.

.t entry configure $i1 $i2 $i3 $i4 -color brown 
# or ...
.t entry configure [list $i1 $i2 $i3 $i4] -color brown 

An icon is displayed for each entry. It's a Tk image drawn to the left of the label. You can set the icon with the entry's -icons option. It takes a list of two image names: one to represent the open entry, another when it is closed.

set im1 [image create photo -file openfolder.gif]
set im2 [image create photo -file closefolder.gif]
.t entry configure $id -icons "$im1 $im2"

If -icons is set to the empty string, no icons are display.

If an entry has children, a button is displayed to the left of the icon. Clicking the mouse on this button opens or closes the sub-hierarchy. The button is normally a + or - symbol, but can be configured in a variety of ways using the button configure operation. For example, the + and - symbols can be replaced with Tk images.

set im1 [image create photo -file closefolder.gif]
set im2 [image create photo -file downarrow.gif]
.t button configure $id -images "$im1 $im2" \


    -openrelief raised -closerelief raised

Entries can contain an arbitrary number of data fields. Data fields are name-value pairs. Both the value and name are strings. The entry's -data option lets you set data fields.

.t entry configure $id -data {mode 0666 group users}

The -data takes a list of name-value pairs.

You can display these data fields as columns in the treeview widget. You can create and configure columns with the column operation. For example, to add a new column to the widget, use the column insert operation. The last argument is the name of the data field that you want to display.

.t column insert end "mode"

The column title is displayed at the top of the column. By default, it's is the field name. You can override this using the column's -title option.

.t column insert end "mode" -title "File Permissions"

Columns have several configuration options. The column configure operation lets you query or modify column options.

.t column configure "mode" -justify left

The -justify option says how the data is justified within in the column. The -hide option indicates whether the column is displayed.

.t column configure "mode" -hide yes

Entries can be selected by clicking on the mouse. Selected entries are drawn using the colors specified by the -selectforeground and -selectbackground configuration options. The selection itself is managed by the selection operation.

# Clear all selections
.t selection clear 0 end
# Select the root node
.t selection set 0 

The curselection operation returns a list of ids of all the selected entries.

set ids [.t curselection]

You can use the get operation to convert the ids to their pathnames.

set names [eval .t get -full $ids]

If a treeview is exporting its selection (using the -exportselection option), then it will observe the standard X11 protocols for handling the selection. Treeview selections are available as type STRING; the value of the selection will be the pathnames of the selected entries, separated by newlines.

The treeview supports two modes of selection: single and multiple. In single select mode, only one entry can be selected at a time, while multiple select mode allows several entries to be selected. The mode is set by the widget's -selectmode option.

.t configure -selectmode "multiple"

You can be notified when the list of selected entries changes. The widget's -selectcommand specifies a Tcl procedure that is called whenever the selection changes.

proc SelectNotify { widget } {


   set ids [$widget curselection]
}
.t configure -selectcommand "SelectNotify .t"

The widget supports the standard Tk scrolling and scanning operations. The treeview can be both horizontally and vertically. You can attach scrollbars to the treeview the same way as the listbox or canvas widgets.

scrollbar .xbar -orient horizontal -command ".t xview"
scrollbar .ybar -orient vertical -command ".t yview"
.t configure -xscrollcommand ".xbar set" \


    -yscrollcommand ".ybar set"

Entries can be programmatically opened or closed using the open and close operations respectively.

.t open $id
.t close $id

When an entry is opened, a Tcl procedure can be automatically invoked. The -opencommand option specifies this procedure. This procedure can lazily insert entries as needed.

proc AddEntries { dir } {


   eval .t insert end [glob -nocomplain $dir/*] 
}
.t configure -opencommand "AddEntries %P"

Now when an entry is opened, the procedure AddEntries is called and adds children to the entry. Before the command is invoked, special "%" substitutions (like bind) are performed. Above, %P is translated to the pathname of the entry.

The same feature exists when an entry is closed. The -closecommand option specifies the procedure.

proc DeleteEntries { id } {


   .t entry delete $id 0 end
}
.t configure -closecommand "DeleteEntries %#"

When an entry is closed, the procedure DeleteEntries is called and deletes the entry's children using the entry delete operation (%# is the id of entry).

OLD TREEVIEW EDITS

NOTE: This section is OBSOLETE. Native Tk widgets are now used for editing..

When editing the subwidget .edit is available.

pathName.edit operation ?args?

This operation is used to provide text editing for cells (data fields in a column) or entry labels. It has several forms, depending on operation:

pathName.edit delete first last

Deletes the characters in the edit buffer between the two given character positions.

pathName.edit get ?-root? x y

pathName.edit icursor index

pathName.edit index index

Returns the text index of given index.

pathName.edit insert index string

Insert the text string string into the edit buffer at the index index. For example, the index 0 will prepend the buffer.

pathName.edit selection args

This operation controls the selection of the editing window. Note that this differs from the selection of entries. It has the following forms:

LABEL ISSUES

Entries take a -label option that can be used to specify the text to display. This is not the same thing as the node label.

By default labels are checked for duplicates by insert, which can slow down large (10k+) inserts. Setting -allowduplicates to 1 disables this checking.

An entries label can be changed either by by setting -allowduplicates to 1 and using treeviews entry relabel or by using trees label command.

Instead of lists, a separator can be specified with -separator. Thus for managing files we might use:

 treeview .t -separator / -autocreate 1


 .t insert end  mann/text.n mann/canvas.n


 .t insert end  Help Search Close -at root->mann->text.n


 pack .t

NOTES

Text cells in display height can be at most 64K pixels high per row.

KEYWORDS

treeview, widget