btrfs-scrub - scrub btrfs filesystem, verify block checksums
btrfs scrub <subcommand> <args>
Scrub is a pass over all filesystem data and metadata and
verifying the checksums. If a valid copy is available (replicated block
group profiles) then the damaged one is repaired. All copies of the
replicated profiles are validated.
NOTE:
Scrub is not a filesystem checker (fsck) and does not
verify nor repair structural damage in the filesystem. It really only checks
checksums of data and tree blocks, it doesn't ensure the content of tree
blocks is valid and consistent. There's some validation performed when
metadata blocks are read from disk but it's not extensive and cannot
substitute full btrfs check run.
The user is supposed to run it manually or via a periodic system
service. The recommended period is a month but could be less. The estimated
device bandwidth utilization is about 80% on an idle filesystem. The IO
priority class is by default idle so background scrub should not
significantly interfere with normal filesystem operation. The IO scheduler
set for the device(s) might not support the priority classes though.
The scrubbing status is recorded in /var/lib/btrfs/ in
textual files named scrub.status.UUID for a filesystem identified by
the given UUID. (Progress state is communicated through a named pipe in file
scrub.progress.UUID in the same directory.) The status file is
updated every 5 seconds. A resumed scrub will continue from the last saved
position.
Scrub can be started only on a mounted filesystem, though it's
possible to scrub only a selected device. See btrfs scrub start for
more.
- cancel
<path>|<device>
- If a scrub is running on the filesystem identified by path or
device, cancel it.
If a device is specified, the corresponding filesystem
is found and btrfs scrub cancel behaves as if it was called on
that filesystem. The progress is saved in the status file so btrfs
scrub resume can continue from the last position.
- resume [-BdqrR] [-c
<ioprio_class> -n <ioprio_classdata>]
<path>|<device>
- Resume a cancelled or interrupted scrub on the filesystem identified by
path or on a given device. The starting point is read from
the status file if it exists.
This does not start a new scrub if the last scrub finished
successfully.
Options
see scrub start.
- start [-BdqrRf] [-c
<ioprio_class> -n <ioprio_classdata>]
<path>|<device>
- Start a scrub on all devices of the mounted filesystem identified by
path or on a single device. If a scrub is already running,
the new one will not start. A device of an unmounted filesystem cannot be
scrubbed this way.
Without options, scrub is started as a background process. The
automatic repairs of damaged copies is performed by default for block
group profiles with redundancy.
The default IO priority of scrub is the idle class. The
priority can be configured similar to the ionice(1) syntax using
-c and -n options. Note that not all IO schedulers honor
the ionice settings.
Options
- -B
- do not background and print scrub statistics when finished
- -d
- print separate statistics for each device of the filesystem (-B
only) at the end
- -r
- run in read-only mode, do not attempt to correct anything, can be run on a
read-only filesystem
- -R
- raw print mode, print full data instead of summary
- -c <ioprio_class>
- set IO priority class (see ionice(1) manpage)
- -n <ioprio_classdata>
- set IO priority classdata (see ionice(1) manpage)
- -f
- force starting new scrub even if a scrub is already running, this can
useful when scrub status file is damaged and reports a running scrub
although it is not, but should not normally be necessary
- -q
- (deprecated) alias for global -q option
- status [options]
<path>|<device>
- Show status of a running scrub for the filesystem identified by
path or for the specified device.
If no scrub is running, show statistics of the last finished
or cancelled scrub for that filesystem or device.
Options
- -d
- print separate statistics for each device of the filesystem
- -R
- print all raw statistics without postprocessing as returned by the status
ioctl
- --raw
- print all numbers raw values in bytes without the B suffix
- --human-readable
- print human friendly numbers, base 1024, this is the default
- --iec
- select the 1024 base for the following options, according to the IEC
standard
- --si
- select the 1000 base for the following options, according to the SI
standard
- --kbytes
- show sizes in KiB, or kB with --si
- --mbytes
- show sizes in MiB, or MB with --si
- --gbytes
- show sizes in GiB, or GB with --si
- --tbytes
- show sizes in TiB, or TB with --si
btrfs scrub returns a zero exit status if it succeeds. Non
zero is returned in case of failure:
- 1
- scrub couldn't be performed
- 2
- there is nothing to resume
- 3
- scrub found uncorrectable errors
btrfs is part of btrfs-progs. Please refer to the
documentation at https://btrfs.readthedocs.io or wiki
http://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org for further information.