| directvnc-kbmapping(7) | Miscellaneous Information Manual | directvnc-kbmapping(7) |
directvnc-kbmapping - Details of keyboard mapping file syntax for directvnc(1)
General syntax of the xmodmap keyboard layout file is described in the xmodmap(1x) manual page. For the purposes of keyboard switching implementation in directvnc, the following subset of its syntax is used:
Comments (lines starting with an exclamation mark) are recognized as such, and ignored Expressions using keycode are recognized with up to four keysym values, used as described in the mentioned manual page Other xmodmap expressions will be ignored. So, the following is a valid syntax of an xmodmap file that can be converted into a directvnc keyboard layout file:
Key Base Shift Mode Mode+Shift
keycode 13 = 4 dollar 4 quotedbl
keycode 14 = 5 percent 5 colon
keycode 15 = 6 asciicircum 6 comma
keycode 16 = 7 ampersand 7 period
keycode 24 = q Q Cyrillic_shorti Cyrillic_SHORTI
keycode 25 = w W Cyrillic_tse Cyrillic_TSE
keycode 26 = e E Cyrillic_u Cyrillic_U
keycode 27 = r R Cyrillic_ka Cyrillic_KA
An example of a xmodmap file for Cyrillic input can be found ????
The xmodmap file uses character identifiers to identify keysyms that keycodes will be translated to. While this works in the original xmodmap program which acts as a client to the X server it loads keyboard layout into (xmodmap queries the X server to convert symbolic keysym identifiers into numeric), directvnc is not supposed to interact with the remote Xvnc server this way. Instead, a derivative format is used, which contains hexadecimal codes for keysyms:
keycode 13 0x034 0x024 0x034 0x022
keycode 14 0x035 0x025 0x035 0x03a
keycode 15 0x036 0x05e 0x036 0x02c
keycode 16 0x037 0x026 0x037 0x02e
keycode 24 0x071 0x051 0x6ca 0x6ea
keycode 25 0x077 0x057 0x6c3 0x6e3
keycode 26 0x065 0x045 0x6d5 0x6f5
keycode 27 0x072 0x052 0x6cb 0x6eb
keycode 28 0x074 0x054 0x6c5 0x6e5
keycode 29 0x079 0x059 0x6ce 0x6ee
keycode 30 0x075 0x055 0x6c7 0x6e7
The keycode keyword does not play any role at the moment, but is preserved for the future extensions, when other xmodmap expressions may also be recognized.
As noted above, directvnc does not query the remote Xvnc server for keysyms' numeric values. There is the keysymdef.h include file which contains all the necessary information. In particular, considering this (a small portion of the keysymdef.h file):
#define XK_Q 0x051
#define XK_q 0x071
#define XK_Cyrillic_shorti 0x6ca
#define XK_Cyrillic_SHORTI 0x6ea
it becomes clear how to convert
keycode 24 = q Q Cyrillic_shorti Cyrillic_SHORTI
into
keycode 24 0x071 0x051 0x6ca 0x6ea
The directvnc-xmapconv(1) utility reads an xmodmap syntax file from standard input, and writes the directvnc compatible syntax file to standard output.
Inside, the script runs its standard input through the C preprocessor including the keysymdef.h file and prepending each keysym identifier with XK_. The directvnc keyboard layout file mentioned earlier was produced exactly this way out of the xmodmap file for Cyrillic input.
The directvnc's keyboard layout switching module holds an internal table where the contents of the keyboard layout file is read into. The module intercepts all keyboard input obtained from DirectFB, and uses keyboard scan code plus 8 (also known as the MIN_KEYCODE constant) as index into that table to determine whether any mapping exists for a given keycode.
The directvnc's keyboard layout switching module uses the ScrollLock key as mode lock: when its LED is on, the third or fourth keysym would be transmitted (depending on the Shift and CapsLock status); when Scroll lock LED is off, the first or the second keysym would be transmitted.
The Alt or AltGr keys are not used to control keyboard mode.
For letters, Shift and CapsLock are XORed. For numbers, CapsLock does not apply.
If Ctrl is pressed, or there was no keyboard layout file specified, or the keyboard layout file does not contain any mapping for a given keycode, directvnc performs its default translation of keyboard code into a keysym using its hardcoded ISO-8859-1 translation table.
Dimitry Golubovsky, Loris Boillet
| July 30, 2011 |