Default Transport

Although it cannot be relied upon to work, the default behaviour is to use "sendmail" to send mail, if you don't provide the mail send channel with either the "transport" method, or as an argument to "send".

(Actually, the choice of default is delegated to Email::Sender::Simple, which makes its own choices. But usually, it uses "sendmail".)

Why use this?

Why not just use Email::Simple or Email::MIME? After all, this just adds another layer of stuff around those. Wouldn't using them directly be better?

Certainly, if you know EXACTLY what you are doing. The docs are clear enough, but you really do need to have an understanding of the structure of MIME emails. This structure is going to be different depending on whether you have text body, HTML, both, with or without an attachment etc.

Then there's brevity... compare the following roughly equivalent code.

First, the Email::Stuffer way.

  Email::Stuffer->to('Simon Cozens<simon@somewhere.jp>')
                ->from('Santa@northpole.org')
                ->text_body("You've been good this year. No coal for you.")
                ->attach_file('choochoo.gif')
                ->send;

And now doing it directly with a knowledge of what your attachment is, and what the correct MIME structure is.

  use Email::MIME;
  use Email::Sender::Simple;
  use IO::All;
  Email::Sender::Simple->try_to_send(
    Email::MIME->create(
      header => [
          To => 'simon@somewhere.jp',
          From => 'santa@northpole.org',
      ],
      parts => [
          Email::MIME->create(
            body => "You've been a good boy this year. No coal for you."
          ),
          Email::MIME->create(
            body => io('choochoo.gif'),
            attributes => {
                filename => 'choochoo.gif',
                content_type => 'image/gif',
            },
         ),
      ],
    );
  );

Again, if you know MIME well, and have the patience to manually code up the Email::MIME structure, go do that, if you really want to.

Email::Stuffer as the name suggests, solves one case and one case only: generate some stuff, and email it to somewhere, as conveniently as possible. DWIM, but do it as thinly as possible and use the solid Email:: modules underneath.

new

Creates a new, empty, Email::Stuffer object.

You can pass a hashref of properties to set, including:

• to
• from
• cc
• bcc
• reply_to
• subject
• text_body
• html_body
• transport

The to, cc, bcc, and reply_to headers properties may be provided as array references. The array's contents will be used as the list of arguments to the setter.

header_names

Returns, as a list, all of the headers currently set for the Email For backwards compatibility, this method can also be called as B[headers].

parts

Returns, as a list, the Email::MIME parts for the Email

header

  $stuffer->header($header_name = $value)

This method sets a named header in the email. Multiple calls with the same $header_name will overwrite previous calls $value.

to

  $stuffer->to(@addresses)

This method sets the To header in the email.

from

  $stuffer->from($address)

This method sets the From header in the email.

reply_to

  $stuffer->reply_to($address)

This method sets the Reply-To header in the email.

cc

  $stuffer->cc(@addresses)

This method sets the Cc header in the email.

bcc

  $stuffer->bcc(@addresses)

This method sets the Bcc header in the email.

subject

  $stuffer->subject($text)

This method sets the Subject header in the email.

text_body

  $stuffer->text_body($body, %attributes);

Sets the text body of the email. Appropriate headers are set for you. You may override MIME attributes as needed. See the "attributes" parameter to "create" in Email::MIME for the headers you can set.

If $body is undefined, this method will do nothing.

Prior to Email::Stuffer version 0.015 text body was marked as flowed, which broke all pre-formated body text. Empty space at the beggining of the line was dropped and every new line character could be changed to one space (and vice versa). Version 0.015 (and later) does not set flowed format automatically anymore and so text body is really plain text. If you want to use old behavior of "advanced" flowed formatting, set flowed format manually by: "text_body($body, format => 'flowed')".

html_body

  $stuffer->html_body($body, %attributes);

Sets the HTML body of the email. Appropriate headers are set for you. You may override MIME attributes as needed. See the "attributes" parameter to "create" in Email::MIME for the headers you can set.

If $body is undefined, this method will do nothing.

attach

  $stuffer->attach($contents, %attributes)

Adds an attachment to the email. The first argument is the file contents followed by (as for text_body and html_body) the list of headers to use. Email::Stuffer will try to guess the headers correctly, but you may wish to provide them anyway to be sure. Encoding is Base64 by default. See the "attributes" parameter to "create" in Email::MIME for the headers you can set.

attach_file

  $stuffer->attach_file($file, %attributes)

Attachs a file that already exists on the filesystem to the email. "attach_file" will attempt to auto-detect the MIME type, and use the file's current name when attaching. See the "attributes" parameter to "create" in Email::MIME for the headers you can set.

$file can be a filename or an IO::All::File object.

transport

  $stuffer->transport( $moniker, @options )

or

  $stuffer->transport( $transport_obj )

The "transport" method specifies the Email::Sender transport that you want to use to send the email, and any options that need to be used to instantiate the transport. $moniker is used as the transport name; if it starts with an equals sign ("=") then the text after the sign is used as the class. Otherwise, the text is prepended by "Email::Sender::Transport::".

Alternatively, you can pass a complete transport object (which must be an Email::Sender::Transport object) and it will be used as is.

email

  my $email_mime = $stuffer->email;

This method creates and returns the full Email::MIME object for the email.

as_string

  my $email_document = $stuffer->as_string;

Returns the string form of the email. Identical to (and uses behind the scenes) "Email::MIME->as_string".

send

  $stuffer->send;

or

  $stuffer->send({ to => [ $to_1, $to_2 ], from => $sender });

Sends the email via Email::Sender::Simple. Envelope information can be specified in a hash reference.

On failure, returns false.

send_or_die

  $stuffer->send_or_die;

or

  $stuffer->send_or_die({ to => [ $to_1, $to_2 ], from => $sender });

Sends the email via Email::Sender::Simple. Envelope information can be specified in a hash reference.

On failure, throws an exception.

Custom Alerts

  package SMS::Alert;
  use base 'Email::Stuffer';
  sub new {
    shift()->SUPER::new(@_)
           ->from('monitor@my.website')
           # Of course, we could have pulled these from
           # $MyConfig->{support_tech} or something similar.
           ->to('0416181595@sms.gateway')
           ->transport('SMTP', { host => '123.123.123.123' });
  }

  package My::Code;
  unless ( $Server->restart ) {
          # Notify the admin on call that a server went down and failed
          # to restart.
          SMS::Alert->subject("Server $Server failed to restart cleanly")
                    ->send;
  }