S3FS - FUSE-based file system backed by Amazon S3
s3fs is a FUSE filesystem that allows you to mount an Amazon S3
bucket as a local filesystem. It stores files natively and transparently in
S3 (i.e., you can use other programs to access the same files).
s3fs supports the standard AWS credentials file
(https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/userguide/cli-config-files.html)
stored in `${HOME}/.aws/credentials`. Alternatively, s3fs supports a custom
passwd file. Only AWS credentials file format can be used when AWS session
token is required. The s3fs password file has this format (use this format
if you have only one set of credentials):
accessKeyId:secretAccessKey
If you have more than one set of credentials, this syntax is also
recognized:
bucketName:accessKeyId:secretAccessKey
Password files can be stored in two locations:
/etc/passwd-s3fs [0640]
$HOME/.passwd-s3fs [0600]
s3fs also recognizes the AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY environment variables.
- -h --help
- print help
- --version
- print version
- -f
- FUSE foreground option - do not run as daemon.
- -s
- FUSE single-threaded option (disables multi-threaded operation)
- All s3fs options must given in
the form where "opt" is:
-
<option_name>=<option_value>
- -o bucket
- if it is not specified bucket name (and path) in command line, must
specify this option after -o option for bucket name.
- -o default_acl
(default="private")
- the default canned acl to apply to all written s3 objects, e.g.,
"private", "public-read". see
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/acl-overview.html#canned-acl
for the full list of canned acls.
- -o retries
(default="5")
- number of times to retry a failed S3 transaction.
- -o tmpdir
(default="/tmp")
- local folder for temporary files.
- -o use_cache
(default="" which means disabled)
- local folder to use for local file cache.
- -o check_cache_dir_exist
(default is disable)
- If use_cache is set, check if the cache directory exists. If this option
is not specified, it will be created at runtime when the cache directory
does not exist.
- -o del_cache - delete
local file cache
- delete local file cache when s3fs starts and exits.
- -o storage_class
(default="standard")
- store object with specified storage class. Possible values: standard,
standard_ia, onezone_ia, reduced_redundancy, intelligent_tiering, glacier,
and deep_archive.
- -o use_rrs (default is
disable)
- use Amazon's Reduced Redundancy Storage. this option can not be specified
with use_sse. (can specify use_rrs=1 for old version) this option has been
replaced by new storage_class option.
- -o use_sse (default is
disable)
- Specify three type Amazon's Server-Site Encryption: SSE-S3, SSE-C or
SSE-KMS. SSE-S3 uses Amazon S3-managed encryption keys, SSE-C uses
customer-provided encryption keys, and SSE-KMS uses the master key which
you manage in AWS KMS. You can specify "use_sse" or
"use_sse=1" enables SSE-S3 type (use_sse=1 is old type
parameter). Case of setting SSE-C, you can specify
"use_sse=custom", "use_sse=custom:<custom key file
path>" or "use_sse=<custom key file path>" (only
<custom key file path> specified is old type parameter). You can use
"c" for short "custom". The custom key file must be
600 permission. The file can have some lines, each line is one SSE-C key.
The first line in file is used as Customer-Provided Encryption Keys for
uploading and changing headers etc. If there are some keys after first
line, those are used downloading object which are encrypted by not first
key. So that, you can keep all SSE-C keys in file, that is SSE-C key
history. If you specify "custom" ("c") without file
path, you need to set custom key by load_sse_c option or AWSSSECKEYS
environment. (AWSSSECKEYS environment has some SSE-C keys with
":" separator.) This option is used to decide the SSE type. So
that if you do not want to encrypt a object at uploading, but you need to
decrypt encrypted object at downloading, you can use load_sse_c option
instead of this option. For setting SSE-KMS, specify
"use_sse=kmsid" or "use_sse=kmsid:<kms id>". You
can use "k" for short "kmsid". If you san specify
SSE-KMS type with your <kms id> in AWS KMS, you can set it after
"kmsid:" (or "k:"). If you specify only
"kmsid" ("k"), you need to set AWSSSEKMSID environment
which value is <kms id>. You must be careful about that you can not
use the KMS id which is not same EC2 region.
- -o load_sse_c - specify
SSE-C keys
- Specify the custom-provided encryption keys file path for decrypting at
downloading. If you use the custom-provided encryption key at uploading,
you specify with "use_sse=custom". The file has many lines, one
line means one custom key. So that you can keep all SSE-C keys in file,
that is SSE-C key history. AWSSSECKEYS environment is as same as this file
contents.
- -o passwd_file
(default="")
- specify the path to the password file, which which takes precedence over
the password in $HOME/.passwd-s3fs and /etc/passwd-s3fs
- -o ahbe_conf
(default="" which means disabled)
- This option specifies the configuration file path which file is the
additional HTTP header by file (object) extension.
The configuration file format is below:
-----------
line = [file suffix or regex] HTTP-header [HTTP-values]
file suffix = file (object) suffix, if this field is empty, it means
"reg:(.*)".(=all object).
regex = regular expression to match the file (object) path. this type
starts with "reg:" prefix.
HTTP-header = additional HTTP header name
HTTP-values = additional HTTP header value
-----------
Sample:
-----------
.gz Content-Encoding gzip
.Z Content-Encoding compress
reg:^/MYDIR/(.*)[.]t2$ Content-Encoding text2
-----------
A sample configuration file is uploaded in "test" directory. If
you specify this option for set "Content-Encoding" HTTP header,
please take care for RFC 2616.
- -o profile
(default="default")
- Choose a profile from ${HOME}/.aws/credentials to authenticate against S3.
Note that this format matches the AWS CLI format and differs from the s3fs
passwd format.
- -o public_bucket
(default="" which means disabled)
- anonymously mount a public bucket when set to 1, ignores the
$HOME/.passwd-s3fs and /etc/passwd-s3fs files. S3 does not allow copy
object api for anonymous users, then s3fs sets nocopyapi option
automatically when public_bucket=1 option is specified.
- -o connect_timeout
(default="300" seconds)
- time to wait for connection before giving up.
- -o readwrite_timeout
(default="120" seconds)
- time to wait between read/write activity before giving up.
- -o list_object_max_keys
(default="1000")
- specify the maximum number of keys returned by S3 list object API. The
default is 1000. you can set this value to 1000 or more.
- -o max_stat_cache_size
(default="100,000" entries (about 40MB))
- maximum number of entries in the stat cache and symbolic link cache.
- -o stat_cache_expire
(default is 900)
- specify expire time (seconds) for entries in the stat cache and symbolic
link cache. This expire time indicates the time since cached.
- -o
stat_cache_interval_expire (default is 900)
- specify expire time (seconds) for entries in the stat cache and symbolic
link cache. This expire time is based on the time from the last access
time of those cache. This option is exclusive with stat_cache_expire, and
is left for compatibility with older versions.
- -o enable_noobj_cache
(default is disable)
- enable cache entries for the object which does not exist. s3fs always has
to check whether file (or sub directory) exists under object (path) when
s3fs does some command, since s3fs has recognized a directory which does
not exist and has files or sub directories under itself. It increases
ListBucket request and makes performance bad. You can specify this option
for performance, s3fs memorizes in stat cache that the object (file or
directory) does not exist.
- -o no_check_certificate
(by default this option is disabled)
- server certificate won't be checked against the available certificate
authorities.
- -o ssl_verify_hostname
(default="2")
- When 0, do not verify the SSL certificate against the hostname.
- -o nodnscache - disable
DNS cache.
- s3fs is always using DNS cache, this option make DNS cache disable.
- -o nosscache - disable
SSL session cache.
- s3fs is always using SSL session cache, this option make SSL session cache
disable.
- -o multireq_max
(default="20")
- maximum number of parallel request for listing objects.
- -o parallel_count
(default="5")
- number of parallel request for uploading big objects. s3fs uploads large
object (over 20MB) by multipart post request, and sends parallel requests.
This option limits parallel request count which s3fs requests at once. It
is necessary to set this value depending on a CPU and a network band.
- -o multipart_size
(default="10")
- part size, in MB, for each multipart request. The minimum value is 5 MB
and the maximum value is 5 GB.
- -o multipart_copy_size
(default="512")
- part size, in MB, for each multipart copy request, used for renames and
mixupload. The minimum value is 5 MB and the maximum value is 5 GB. Must
be at least 512 MB to copy the maximum 5 TB object size but lower values
may improve performance.
- -o max_dirty_data
(default="5120")
- Flush dirty data to S3 after a certain number of MB written. The minimum
value is 50 MB. -1 value means disable. Cannot be used with
nomixupload.
- -o ensure_diskfree
(default 0)
- sets MB to ensure disk free space. This option means the threshold of free
space size on disk which is used for the cache file by s3fs. s3fs makes
file for downloading, uploading and caching files. If the disk free space
is smaller than this value, s3fs do not use diskspace as possible in
exchange for the performance.
- -o multipart_threshold
(default="25")
- threshold, in MB, to use multipart upload instead of single-part. Must be
at least 5 MB.
- -o
singlepart_copy_limit (default="512")
- maximum size, in MB, of a single-part copy before trying multipart
copy.
- -o host
(default="https://s3.amazonaws.com")
- Set a non-Amazon host, e.g., https://example.com.
- -o servicepath
(default="/")
- Set a service path when the non-Amazon host requires a prefix.
- -o url
(default="https://s3.amazonaws.com")
- sets the url to use to access Amazon S3. If you want to use HTTP, then you
can set "url=http://s3.amazonaws.com". If you do not use https,
please specify the URL with the url option.
- -o endpoint
(default="us-east-1")
- sets the endpoint to use on signature version 4. If this option is not
specified, s3fs uses "us-east-1" region as the default. If the
s3fs could not connect to the region specified by this option, s3fs could
not run. But if you do not specify this option, and if you can not connect
with the default region, s3fs will retry to automatically connect to the
other region. So s3fs can know the correct region name, because s3fs can
find it in an error from the S3 server.
- -o sigv2 (default is
signature version 4 falling back to version 2)
- sets signing AWS requests by using only signature version 2.
- -o sigv4 (default is
signature version 4 falling back to version 2)
- sets signing AWS requests by using only signature version 4.
- -o mp_umask (default is
"0000")
- sets umask for the mount point directory. If allow_other option is not
set, s3fs allows access to the mount point only to the owner. In the
opposite case s3fs allows access to all users as the default. But if you
set the allow_other with this option, you can control the permissions of
the mount point by this option like umask.
- -o umask (default is
"0000")
- sets umask for files under the mountpoint. This can allow users other than
the mounting user to read and write to files that they did not
create.
- -o nomultipart -
disable multipart uploads
- -o enable_content_md5
(default is disable)
- Allow S3 server to check data integrity of uploads via the Content-MD5
header. This can add CPU overhead to transfers.
- -o ecs (default is
disable)
- This option instructs s3fs to query the ECS container credential metadata
address instead of the instance metadata address.
- -o iam_role (default is
no IAM role)
- This option requires the IAM role name or "auto". If you specify
"auto", s3fs will automatically use the IAM role names that are
set to an instance. If you specify this option without any argument, it is
the same as that you have specified the "auto".
- -o imdsv1only (default
is to use IMDSv2 with fallback to v1)
- AWS instance metadata service, used with IAM role authentication, supports
the use of an API token. If you're using an IAM role in an environment
that does not support IMDSv2, setting this flag will skip retrieval and
usage of the API token when retrieving IAM credentials.
- -o ibm_iam_auth
(default is not using IBM IAM authentication)
- This option instructs s3fs to use IBM IAM authentication. In this mode,
the AWSAccessKey and AWSSecretKey will be used as IBM's
Service-Instance-ID and APIKey, respectively.
- -o ibm_iam_endpoint
(default is https://iam.cloud.ibm.com)
- Sets the URL to use for IBM IAM authentication.
- -o use_xattr (default
is not handling the extended attribute)
- Enable to handle the extended attribute (xattrs). If you set this option,
you can use the extended attribute. For example, encfs and ecryptfs need
to support the extended attribute. Notice: if s3fs handles the extended
attribute, s3fs can not work to copy command with preserve=mode.
- -o noxmlns - disable
registering xml name space.
- disable registering xml name space for response of ListBucketResult and
ListVersionsResult etc. Default name space is looked up from
"http://s3.amazonaws.com/doc/2006-03-01". This option should not
be specified now, because s3fs looks up xmlns automatically after
v1.66.
- -o nomixupload -
disable copy in multipart uploads.
- Disable to use PUT (copy api) when multipart uploading large size objects.
By default, when doing multipart upload, the range of unchanged data will
use PUT (copy api) whenever possible. When nocopyapi or norenameapi is
specified, use of PUT (copy api) is invalidated even if this option is not
specified.
- -o nocopyapi - for
other incomplete compatibility object storage.
- For a distributed object storage which is compatibility S3 API without PUT
(copy api). If you set this option, s3fs do not use PUT with
"x-amz-copy-source" (copy api). Because traffic is increased 2-3
times by this option, we do not recommend this.
- -o norenameapi - for
other incomplete compatibility object storage.
- For a distributed object storage which is compatibility S3 API without PUT
(copy api). This option is a subset of nocopyapi option. The nocopyapi
option does not use copy-api for all command (ex. chmod, chown, touch, mv,
etc), but this option does not use copy-api for only rename command (ex.
mv). If this option is specified with nocopyapi, then s3fs ignores
it.
- -o
use_path_request_style (use legacy API calling style)
- Enable compatibility with S3-like APIs which do not support the
virtual-host request style, by using the older path request style.
- -o listobjectsv2 (use
ListObjectsV2)
- Issue ListObjectsV2 instead of ListObjects, useful on object stores
without ListObjects support.
- -o noua (suppress
User-Agent header)
- Usually s3fs outputs of the User-Agent in "s3fs/<version>
(commit hash <hash>; <using ssl library name>)" format.
If this option is specified, s3fs suppresses the output of the
User-Agent.
- -o
cipher_suites
- Customize the list of TLS cipher suites. Expects a colon separated list of
cipher suite names. A list of available cipher suites, depending on your
TLS engine, can be found on the CURL library documentation:
https://curl.haxx.se/docs/ssl-ciphers.html
- -o
instance_name
- The instance name of the current s3fs mountpoint. This name will be added
to logging messages and user agent headers sent by s3fs.
- -o complement_stat
(complement lack of file/directory mode)
- s3fs complements lack of information about file/directory mode if a file
or a directory object does not have x-amz-meta-mode header. As default,
s3fs does not complements stat information for a object, then the object
will not be able to be allowed to list/modify.
- -o notsup_compat_dir
(not support compatibility directory types)
- As a default, s3fs supports objects of the directory type as much as
possible and recognizes them as directories. Objects that can be
recognized as directory objects are "dir/", "dir",
"dir_$folder$", and there is a file object that does not have a
directory object but contains that directory path. s3fs needs redundant
communication to support all these directory types. The object as the
directory created by s3fs is "dir/". By restricting s3fs to
recognize only "dir/" as a directory, communication traffic can
be reduced. This option is used to give this restriction to s3fs. However,
if there is a directory object other than "dir/" in the bucket,
specifying this option is not recommended. s3fs may not be able to
recognize the object correctly if an object created by s3fs exists in the
bucket. Please use this option when the directory in the bucket is only
"dir/" object.
- -o use_wtf8 - support
arbitrary file system encoding.
- S3 requires all object names to be valid UTF-8. But some clients, notably
Windows NFS clients, use their own encoding. This option re-encodes
invalid UTF-8 object names into valid UTF-8 by mapping offending codes
into a 'private' codepage of the Unicode set. Useful on clients not using
UTF-8 as their file system encoding.
- -o use_session_token -
indicate that session token should be provided.
- If credentials are provided by environment variables this switch forces
presence check of AWS_SESSION_TOKEN variable. Otherwise an error is
returned.
- -o requester_pays
(default is disable)
- This option instructs s3fs to enable requests involving Requester Pays
buckets (It includes the 'x-amz-request-payer=requester' entry in the
request header).
- -o mime (default is
"/etc/mime.types")
- Specify the path of the mime.types file. If this option is not specified,
the existence of "/etc/mime.types" is checked, and that file is
loaded as mime information. If this file does not exist on macOS, then
"/etc/apache2/mime.types" is checked as well.
- -o logfile - specify
the log output file.
- s3fs outputs the log file to syslog. Alternatively, if s3fs is started
with the "-f" option specified, the log will be output to the
stdout/stderr. You can use this option to specify the log file that s3fs
outputs. If you specify a log file with this option, it will reopen the
log file when s3fs receives a SIGHUP signal. You can use the SIGHUP signal
for log rotation.
- -o dbglevel
(default="crit")
- Set the debug message level. set value as crit (critical), err (error),
warn (warning), info (information) to debug level. default debug level is
critical. If s3fs run with "-d" option, the debug level is set
information. When s3fs catch the signal SIGUSR2, the debug level is bump
up.
- -o curldbg - put curl
debug message
- Put the debug message from libcurl when this option is specified. Specify
"normal" or "body" for the parameter. If the parameter
is omitted, it is the same as "normal". If "body" is
specified, some API communication body data will be output in addition to
the debug message output as "normal".
- -o no_time_stamp_msg -
no time stamp in debug message
- The time stamp is output to the debug message by default. If this option
is specified, the time stamp will not be output in the debug message. It
is the same even if the environment variable "S3FS_MSGTIMESTAMP"
is set to "no".
- -o
set_check_cache_sigusr1 (default is stdout)
- If the cache is enabled, you can check the integrity of the cache file and
the cache file's stats info file. This option is specified and when
sending the SIGUSR1 signal to the s3fs process checks the cache status at
that time. This option can take a file path as parameter to output the
check result to that file. The file path parameter can be omitted. If
omitted, the result will be output to stdout or syslog.
- -u or
--incomplete-mpu-list
- Lists multipart incomplete objects uploaded to the specified bucket.
- --incomplete-mpu-abort
all or date format (default="24H")
- Delete the multipart incomplete object uploaded to the specified bucket.
If "all" is specified for this option, all multipart incomplete
objects will be deleted. If you specify no argument as an option, objects
older than 24 hours (24H) will be deleted (This is the default value). You
can specify an optional date format. It can be specified as year, month,
day, hour, minute, second, and it is expressed as "Y",
"M", "D", "h", "m", "s"
respectively. For example, "1Y6M10D12h30m30s".
- Most of the generic mount
options described in 'man mount' are supported (ro, rw, suid, nosuid, dev,
nodev, exec, noexec, atime, noatime, sync async, dirsync). Filesystems are
mounted with '-onodev,nosuid' by default, which can only be overridden by a
privileged user.
- There are many FUSE specific
mount options that can be specified. e.g. allow_other. See the FUSE README
for the full set.
Due to S3's "eventual consistency" limitations, file
creation can and will occasionally fail. Even after a successful create,
subsequent reads can fail for an indeterminate time, even after one or more
successful reads. Create and read enough files and you will eventually
encounter this failure. This is not a flaw in s3fs and it is not something a
FUSE wrapper like s3fs can work around. The retries option does not address
this issue. Your application must either tolerate or compensate for these
failures, for example by retrying creates or reads.
s3fs has been written by Randy Rizun <rrizun@gmail.com>.