readelf - Visualizza informazioni sui file ELF.
readelf [-a|--all]
[-h|--file-header]
[-l|--program-headers|--segments]
[-S|--section-headers|--sections]
[-g|--section-groups]
[-t|--section-details]
[-e|--headers]
[-s|--syms|--symbols]
[--dyn-syms|--lto-syms]
[--sym-base=[0|8|10|16]]
[--demangle=style|--no-demangle]
[--quiet]
[--recurse-limit|--no-recurse-limit]
[-U method|--unicode=method]
[-n|--notes]
[-r|--relocs]
[-u|--unwind]
[-d|--dynamic]
[-V|--version-info]
[-A|--arch-specific]
[-D|--use-dynamic]
[-L|--lint|--enable-checks]
[-x <number or name>|--hex-dump=<number or name>]
[-p <number or name>|--string-dump=<number or
name>]
[-R <number or name>|--relocated-dump=<number or
name>]
[-z|--decompress]
[-c|--archive-index]
[-w[lLiaprmfFsoORtUuTgAck]|
--debug-dump[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=str-offsets,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index,=addr,=cu_index,=links]]
[-wK|--debug-dump=follow-links]
[-wN|--debug-dump=no-follow-links]
[-wD|--debug-dump=use-debuginfod]
[-wE|--debug-dump=do-not-use-debuginfod]
[-P|--process-links]
[--dwarf-depth=n]
[--dwarf-start=n]
[--ctf=section]
[--ctf-parent=section]
[--ctf-symbols=section]
[--ctf-strings=section]
[--sframe=section]
[-I|--histogram]
[-v|--version]
[-W|--wide]
[-T|--silent-truncation]
[-H|--help]
elffile...
readelf visualizza informazioni su uno o più file
oggetto in formato ELF. Le opzioni controllano quale particolare
informazione visualizzare.
elffile... sono i file oggetto da esaminare. Sono
supportati i file ELF a 32-bit e 64-bit, e gli archivi contenenti file
ELF.
Questo programma esegue una funzione similare a quella di
objdump ma va in maggiore dettaglio, ed esiste indipendentemente
dalla libreria BFD , così se c'è un bug in BFD readelf non ne
risentirà.
Le forme lunga e breve delle opzioni, qui mostrate come
alternative, sono equivalenti. Deve essere data almeno un'opzione tra
-v o -H.
- -a
- --all
- Equivalente a specificare --file-header, --program-headers,
--sections, --symbols, --relocs, --dynamic,
--notes, --version-info, --arch-specific,
--unwind, --section-groups e --histogram.
Note - this option does not enable --use-dynamic
itself, so if that option is not present on the command line then
dynamic symbols and dynamic relocs will not be displayed.
- -h
- --file-header
- Visualizza le informazioni contenute nell'intestazione all'inizio del file
ELF.
- -l
- --program-headers
- --segments
- Visualizza le informazioni contenute nelle intestazioni del segmento del
file, se ne ha.
- --quiet
- Suppress "no symbols" diagnostic.
- -S
- --sections
- --section-headers
- Visualizza le informazioni contenute nelle intestazioni della sezione del
file, se ne ha.
- -g
- --section-groups
- Displays the information contained in the file's section groups, if it has
any.
- -t
- --section-details
- Displays the detailed section information. Implies -S.
- -s
- --symbols
- --syms
- Displays the entries in symbol table section of the file, if it has one.
If a symbol has version information associated with it then this is
displayed as well. The version string is displayed as a suffix to the
symbol name, preceded by an @ character. For example foo@VER_1. If
the version is the default version to be used when resolving unversioned
references to the symbol then it is displayed as a suffix preceded by two
@ characters. For example foo@@VER_2.
- --dyn-syms
- Displays the entries in dynamic symbol table section of the file, if it
has one. The output format is the same as the format used by the
--syms option.
- --lto-syms
- Displays the contents of any LTO symbol tables in the file.
- --sym-base=[0|8|10|16]
- Forces the size field of the symbol table to use the given base. Any
unrecognized options will be treated as 0. --sym-base=0
represents the default and legacy behaviour. This will output sizes as
decimal for numbers less than 100000. For sizes 100000 and greater
hexadecimal notation will be used with a 0x prefix. --sym-base=8
will give the symbol sizes in octal. --sym-base=10 will always give
the symbol sizes in decimal. --sym-base=16 will always give the
symbol sizes in hexadecimal with a 0x prefix.
- -C
- --demangle[=style]
- Decode (demangle) low-level symbol names into user-level names.
This makes C++ function names readable. Different compilers have different
mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument can be used to
choose an appropriate demangling style for your compiler.
- --no-demangle
- Do not demangle low-level symbol names. This is the default.
- --recurse-limit
- --no-recurse-limit
- --recursion-limit
- --no-recursion-limit
- Enables or disables a limit on the amount of recursion performed whilst
demangling strings. Since the name mangling formats allow for an infinite
level of recursion it is possible to create strings whose decoding will
exhaust the amount of stack space available on the host machine,
triggering a memory fault. The limit tries to prevent this from happening
by restricting recursion to 2048 levels of nesting.
The default is for this limit to be enabled, but disabling it
may be necessary in order to demangle truly complicated names. Note
however that if the recursion limit is disabled then stack exhaustion is
possible and any bug reports about such an event will be rejected.
- -U
[d|i|l|e|x|h]
- --unicode=[default|invalid|locale|escape|hex|highlight]
- Controls the display of non-ASCII characters in identifier names. The
default (--unicode=locale or --unicode=default) is to treat
them as multibyte characters and display them in the current locale. All
other versions of this option treat the bytes as UTF-8 encoded values and
attempt to interpret them. If they cannot be interpreted or if the
--unicode=invalid option is used then they are displayed as a
sequence of hex bytes, encloses in curly parethesis characters.
Using the --unicode=escape option will display the
characters as as unicode escape sequences (\uxxxx). Using the
--unicode=hex will display the characters as hex byte sequences
enclosed between angle brackets.
Using the --unicode=highlight will display the
characters as unicode escape sequences but it will also highlighted them
in red, assuming that colouring is supported by the output device. The
colouring is intended to draw attention to the presence of unicode
sequences when they might not be expected.
- -e
- Visualizza tutte le intestazioni nel file. Equivalente a -h -l
-S.
- -n
- --notes
- Visualizza i contenuti dei segmenti e/o sezioni NOTE, se ce ne sono.
- -r
- --relocs
- Visualizza i contenuti della sezione di rilocazione del file, se ce ne
sono.
- -u
- --unwind
- Displays the contents of the file's unwind section, if it has one. Only
the unwind sections for IA64 ELF files, as well as ARM unwind tables
(".ARM.exidx" /
".ARM.extab") are currently supported.
If support is not yet implemented for your architecture you could try
dumping the contents of the .eh_frames section using the
--debug-dump=frames or --debug-dump=frames-interp
options.
- -d
- --dynamic
- Visualizza i contenuti della sezione dinamica del file, se ce ne
sono.
- -V
- --version-info
- Visualizza i contenuti della sezione versione del file, se esiste.
- -A
- --arch-specific
- Visualizza informazioni nel file legate all'architettura, se ce ne
sono.
- -D
- --use-dynamic
- Quando si visualizzano i simboli, questa opzione fa sì che
readelf usi la tabella simboli nella sezione dinamica del file,
invece di quella nella sezione simboli.
When displaying relocations, this option makes readelf
display the dynamic relocations rather than the static relocations.
- -L
- --lint
- --enable-checks
- Displays warning messages about possible problems with the file(s) being
examined. If used on its own then all of the contents of the file(s) will
be examined. If used with one of the dumping options then the warning
messages will only be produced for the things being displayed.
- -x <numero o
nome>
- --hex-dump=<numero o
nome>
- Displays the contents of the indicated section as a hexadecimal bytes. A
number identifies a particular section by index in the section table; any
other string identifies all sections with that name in the object
file.
- -R <numero o
nome>
- --relocated-dump=<numero
o nome>
- Displays the contents of the indicated section as a hexadecimal bytes. A
number identifies a particular section by index in the section table; any
other string identifies all sections with that name in the object file.
The contents of the section will be relocated before they are
displayed.
- -p <numero o
nome>
- --string-dump=<numero
o nome>
- Displays the contents of the indicated section as printable strings. A
number identifies a particular section by index in the section table; any
other string identifies all sections with that name in the object
file.
- -z
- --decompress
- Requests that the section(s) being dumped by x, R or
p options are decompressed before being displayed. If the
section(s) are not compressed then they are displayed as is.
- -c
- --archive-index
- Displays the file symbol index information contained in the header part of
binary archives. Performs the same function as the t command to
ar, but without using the BFD library.
- -w[lLiaprmfFsOoRtUuTgAckK]
- --debug-dump[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=str-offsets,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index,=addr,=cu_index,=links,=follow-links]
- Displays the contents of the DWARF debug sections in the file, if any are
present. Compressed debug sections are automatically decompressed
(temporarily) before they are displayed. If one or more of the optional
letters or words follows the switch then only those type(s) of data will
be dumped. The letters and words refer to the following information:
- "a"
- "=abbrev"
- Visualizza i contenuti della sezione .debug_abbrev.
- "A"
- "=addr"
- Visualizza i contenuti della sezione .debug_addr.
- "c"
- "=cu_index"
- Displays the contents of the .debug_cu_index and/or
.debug_tu_index sections.
- "f"
- "=frames"
- Mostra il numero di versione di .debug_frame.
- "F"
- "=frames-interp"
- Visualizza i contenuti interpretati della sezione
.debug_frame.
- "g"
- "=gdb_index"
- Displays the contents of the .gdb_index and/or .debug_names
sections.
- "i"
- "=info"
- Displays the contents of the .debug_info section. Note: the output
from this option can also be restricted by the use of the
--dwarf-depth and --dwarf-start options.
- "k"
- "=links"
- Displays the contents of the .gnu_debuglink,
.gnu_debugaltlink and .debug_sup sections, if any of them
are present. Also displays any links to separate dwarf object files (dwo),
if they are specified by the DW_AT_GNU_dwo_name or DW_AT_dwo_name
attributes in the .debug_info section.
- "K"
- "=follow-links"
- Display the contents of any selected debug sections that are found in
linked, separate debug info file(s). This can result in multiple versions
of the same debug section being displayed if it exists in more than one
file.
In addition, when displaying DWARF attributes, if a form is
found that references the separate debug info file, then the referenced
contents will also be displayed.
Note - in some distributions this option is enabled by
default. It can be disabled via the N debug option. The default
can be chosen when configuring the binutils via the
--enable-follow-debug-links=yes or
--enable-follow-debug-links=no options. If these are not used
then the default is to enable the following of debug links.
Note - if support for the debuginfod protocol was enabled when
the binutils were built then this option will also include an attempt to
contact any debuginfod servers mentioned in the DEBUGINFOD_URLS
environment variable. This could take some time to resolve. This
behaviour can be disabled via the =do-not-use-debuginfod debug
option.
- "N"
- "=no-follow-links"
- Disables the following of links to separate debug info files.
- "D"
- "=use-debuginfod"
- Enables contacting debuginfod servers if there is a need to follow debug
links. This is the default behaviour.
- "E"
- "=do-not-use-debuginfod"
- Disables contacting debuginfod servers when there is a need to follow
debug links.
- "l"
- "=rawline"
- Displays the contents of the .debug_line section in a raw
format.
- "L"
- "=decodedline"
- Displays the interpreted contents of the .debug_line section.
- "m"
- "=macro"
- Displays the contents of the .debug_macro and/or
.debug_macinfo sections.
- "o"
- "=loc"
- Displays the contents of the .debug_loc and/or
.debug_loclists sections.
- "O"
- "=str-offsets"
- Visualizza i contenuti della sezione .debug_str_offsets.
- "p"
- "=pubnames"
- Displays the contents of the .debug_pubnames and/or
.debug_gnu_pubnames sections.
- "r"
- "=aranges"
- Visualizza i contenuti della sezione .debug_aranges.
- "R"
- "=Ranges"
- Displays the contents of the .debug_ranges and/or
.debug_rnglists sections.
- "s"
- "=str"
- Displays the contents of the .debug_str, .debug_line_str
and/or .debug_str_offsets sections.
- "t"
- "=pubtype"
- Displays the contents of the .debug_pubtypes and/or
.debug_gnu_pubtypes sections.
- "T"
- "=trace_aranges"
- Visualizza i contenuti della sezione .trace_aranges.
- "u"
- "=trace_abbrev"
- Visualizza i contenuti della sezione .trace_abbrev.
- "U"
- "=trace_info"
- Visualizza i contenuti della sezione .trace_info.
Note: displaying the contents of .debug_static_funcs,
.debug_static_vars and debug_weaknames sections is not
currently supported.
- --dwarf-depth=n
- Limit the dump of the ".debug_info"
section to n children. This is only useful with
--debug-dump=info. The default is to print all DIEs; the special
value 0 for n will also have this effect.
With a non-zero value for n, DIEs at or deeper than
n levels will not be printed. The range for n is
zero-based.
- --dwarf-start=n
- Print only DIEs beginning with the DIE numbered n. This is only
useful with --debug-dump=info.
If specified, this option will suppress printing of any header
information and all DIEs before the DIE numbered n. Only siblings
and children of the specified DIE will be printed.
This can be used in conjunction with --dwarf-depth.
- -P
- --process-links
- Display the contents of non-debug sections found in separate debuginfo
files that are linked to the main file. This option automatically implies
the -wK option, and only sections requested by other command line
options will be displayed.
- --ctf[=sezione]
- Display the contents of the specified CTF section. CTF sections themselves
contain many subsections, all of which are displayed in order.
By default, display the name of the section named .ctf,
which is the name emitted by ld.
- --ctf-parent=member
- If the CTF section contains ambiguously-defined types, it will consist of
an archive of many CTF dictionaries, all inheriting from one dictionary
containing unambiguous types. This member is by default named .ctf,
like the section containing it, but it is possible to change this name
using the
"ctf_link_set_memb_name_changer"
function at link time. When looking at CTF archives that have been created
by a linker that uses the name changer to rename the parent archive
member, --ctf-parent can be used to specify the name used for the
parent.
- --ctf-symbols=sezione
- --ctf-strings=sezione
- Specify the name of another section from which the CTF file can inherit
strings and symbols. By default, the
".symtab" and its linked string table
are used.
If either of --ctf-symbols or --ctf-strings is
specified, the other must be specified as well.
- -I
- --histogram
- Visualizza un istogramma delle lunghezze dell'elenco del contenitore
quando si visualizzano i contenuti delle tabelle simboli.
- -v
- --version
- Visualizza il numero di versione di readelf.
- -W
- --wide
- Non interrompe l'output delle linee per farlo stare nelle 80 colonne. Per
default readelf interrompe le linee di elenco della
sezioneintestazione e segmento listing per i file ELF a 64-bit, in modo
che stiano nelle 80 colonne. Questa opzione fa sì che
readelf stampi ciascuna intestazione di sezione inserendo ciascun
segmento su una linea, cosa moto più leggibile su terminale
più ampi di 80 colonne.
- -T
- --silent-truncation
- Normally when readelf is displaying a symbol name, and it has to truncate
the name to fit into an 80 column display, it will add a suffix of
"[...]" to the name. This command line
option disables this behaviour, allowing 5 more characters of the name to
be displayed and restoring the old behaviour of readelf (prior to release
2.35).
- -H
- --help
- Visualizza le opzioni della linea di comando capite da
readelf.
- @file
- Legge le opzioni da riga di comando da file. Le opzioni lette sono
inserite al posto dell'opzione originale @file. Se file non
esiste o non può essere letto, l'opzione sarà trattata
letteralmente, e non rimossa.
Le opzioni in file sono separate da spazi vuoti. Si
può includere uno spazio vuoto in un'opzione racchiudendo
l'intera opzione fra apici, singoli o doppi. Può essere incluso
qualsiasi carattere (compresa la barra inversa) facendo precedere al
carattere una barra inversa. Il file può esso stesso
contenere ulteriori opzioni @file; ciascuna di queste opzioni
sarà elaborata ricorsivamente.
Copyright (c) 1991-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
È permesso copiare, distribuire e/o modificare questo
documento nei termini della “Licenza per documentazione libera
GNU” (GNU Free Documentation License), versione 1.3 o ogni versione
successiva pubblicata dalla Free Software Foundation; senza sezioni non
modificabili, senza testi di prima di copertina e di quarta di copertina.
Una copia della licenza è inclusa nella sezione intitolata
“Licenza per la documentazione libera GNU" ("GNU Free
Documentation License").
La traduzione italiana di questa pagina di manuale è stata
creata da Giulio Daprelà <giulio@pluto.it> e Marco Curreli
<marcocurreli@tiscali.it>
Questa traduzione è documentazione libera; leggere la
GNU General
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Non ci assumiamo alcuna responsabilità.
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